Lenke 1 and 5: changes in sagittal balance

OBJECTIVE: To assess in a cross-sectional study whether there are changes in sagittal balance in patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis Lenke types 1 and 5 compared with patients without pathology of the spine and compare the values of the parameters of normal subjects with the parameters found in the literature. METHODS: We measured the values of the parameters of sagittal balance of 21 patients with scoliosis and 14 patients without scoliosis in panoramic radiographs or simply collected data previously measured from the medical records. We compared the mean values of normal subjects, the mean values found in the literature, and the means between normal subjects and patients with scoliosis. For this, we used the Student t test. RESULTS: Using a confidence interval of 5% (p < 0.05) and the Student t test we obtained statistical significance in the comparison of two parameters of sagittal balance between normal subjects and patients with scoliosis. We observed similarities in the measurements of the average parameters of normal subjects with regard to the work already published. CONCLUSIONS: The adolescent idiopathic scoliosis causes changes in two parameters of sagittal balance with statistical significance but suggests changes in all other parameters. As for comparison with previously published work, the results were similar.

研究目的：本研究为横断面研究，旨在评估Lenke 1型与5型青少年特发性脊柱侧凸（adolescent idiopathic scoliosis）患者的矢状位平衡（sagittal balance）变化情况，并与无脊柱病变患者进行对比，同时将正常受试者的相关参数值与文献中已报道的参数值进行比较。
研究方法：本研究纳入21例脊柱侧凸患者与14例无脊柱侧凸患者，通过全景X线片（panoramic radiographs）测量其矢状位平衡相关参数值，或直接从病历系统中调取既往已测量的相关数据。将正常受试者的参数平均值、文献中报道的参数平均值，以及正常受试者与脊柱侧凸患者的参数平均值进行对比分析，采用Student t检验完成统计检验。
研究结果：设定5%置信区间（p<0.05），通过Student t检验分析发现，正常受试者与脊柱侧凸患者的两项矢状位平衡参数对比存在统计学显著性差异。同时，本研究中正常受试者的平均参数测量结果与已发表的相关研究结果具有一致性。
研究结论：青少年特发性脊柱侧凸可导致两项矢状位平衡参数出现具有统计学意义的改变，同时提示其余所有参数均存在一定变化。与既往已发表的研究结果相比，本研究所得结论具有一致性。