Functional beta diversity of New Zealand fishes: characterising morphological turnover along depth and latitude gradients, with derivation of functional bioregions

Changes in the functional structures of communities are rarely examined along multiple large-scale environmental gradients. Here, we describe patterns in functional beta diversity for New Zealand marine fishes vs depth and latitude, including broad-scale delineation of functional bioregions. We derived eight functional traits related to food acquisition and locomotion and calculated complementary indices of functional beta diversity for 144 species of marine ray-finned fishes occurring along large-scale depth (50 - 1200 m) and latitudinal gradients (29° - 51° S) in the New Zealand Exclusive Economic Zone. We focused on a suite of morphological traits calculated directly from in situ Baited Remote Underwater Stereo-Video (stereo-BRUV) footage and museum specimens. We found that functional changes were primarily structured by depth followed by latitude, and that latitudinal functional turnover decreased with increasing depth. Functional turnover among cells increased with increasing depth...

群落功能结构的变化极少有研究沿着多个大型环境梯度开展分析。本研究以新西兰专属经济区（Exclusive Economic Zone, EEZ）内沿深度梯度（50~1200米）与纬度梯度（南纬29°~51°）分布的144种海洋辐鳍鱼类为研究对象，描述了其功能β多样性（functional beta diversity）随深度与纬度的分布格局，并完成了功能生物区的大尺度划定。我们获取了8项与摄食及运动相关的功能性状，计算了功能β多样性的互补指数。本研究的形态性状数据均直接来源于原位（in situ）诱饵远程水下立体视频（stereo-BRUV）影像与博物馆标本。研究结果显示，功能结构变化主要由深度驱动，其次为纬度；且纬度梯度下的功能更替速率随深度增加而降低。各空间网格单元间的功能更替速率则随深度增加而升高……