Replication Data for: Policy-taking styles: a typology and an empirical application to anti-Covid policies

Several studies have investigated the variety of governance strategies adopted by European countries to cope with the Covid-19 pandemic. Some nations relied on a more liberal approach, based on recommendations and a lack of mandatory constraints; others trusted more top-down regulations and longlasting restrictions. The feasibility and success of the different strategies also depend on the way in which policy-takers react.

The article uses this exemplary policy case to propose a novel theoretical framework which maps the variety of policy-taking styles applying March and Olsen’s (2006) logics of conditionality and appropriateness. Using mobility data, it then employs the new typology to explore the diverse styles adopted by policy-takers reacting to anti-Covid workplace regulations in 29 European countries. The categories proposed can be applied also in different contexts, especially where policy success crucially depends on countless individual behaviours, and policymakers need to choose the most effective mix of enforcement tools.

已有多项研究探讨了欧洲各国为应对新型冠状病毒肺炎（COVID-19）大流行所采取的多元化治理策略。部分国家采用更为宽松的治理路径，以建议性指引为核心且未设置强制约束；另有部分国家则更倾向于自上而下的规制与长效限制措施。各类治理策略的可行性与实施成效，同样取决于政策受众的响应方式。

本研究以该典型政策场景为依托，借鉴马奇与奥尔森（March and Olsen，2006）提出的条件性逻辑与恰当性逻辑，构建了一套可刻画多元政策响应风格的新型理论框架。随后，本研究借助人口流动数据，运用该新型分类体系，对29个欧洲国家中政策受众针对职场防疫规制所采取的多样化响应风格展开探究。本文提出的分类框架亦可推广至其他研究场景，尤其是那些政策成效高度依赖海量个体行为、且政策制定者需甄选最优执行工具组合的场景。