A Dataset of Bioactive Fractions Screening and Fat-soluble Components of the Endophytic Fungus Aspergillus sydowii Isolated from Hypecoum leptocarpum Hook. f. et Thoms.

To further exploit endophytic fungal resources residing in medicinal plants, this study isolated a strain from the Tibetan medicinal herb Hypecoum leptocarpum Hook. f. et Thoms., designated XG-157. The strain was conclusively identified as Aspergillus sydowii based on comprehensive morphological characterization and molecular phylogenetic analyses. In vitro antibacterial assays revealed that the fat-soluble components of Aspergillus sydowii (XG-157) fermentation in both fractions exhibited varying degrees of inhibitory activity against a range of pathogens, including Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas syringae and Ralstonia solanacearum. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS) was used to analyze the fat-soluble components of the fermentation in the petroleum ether and ethyl acetate fractions of the endophytic fungus XG-157 from Hypecoum leptocarpum. Results showed: the petroleum ether fraction of the XG-157 fermentation has 25 fat-soluble components, mainly ergosterol (42.22%), β-sitosterol (11.94%), and (3β,5α)-4,4-dimethylcholesta-8,14,24-trien-3-ol (9.86%). The ethyl acetate fraction has 27 fat-soluble components, with 9,12-octadecadienoic acid ethyl ester (28.42%), hexadecanoic acid ethyl ester (15.13%), and ethylamine (11.69%) as the major ones. Throughout the entire workflow, data acquisition and processing strictly adhered to the quality-control protocols and operational specifications of the analytical instruments. The present dataset isolated and characterized the highly bioactive endophytic fungal strain XG-157, profiled its fat-soluble components by GC-MS, and thereby provides a solid scientific basis for exploiting Hypecoum leptocarpum-associated endophytic fungi, discovering antimicrobial lead compounds, and developing microbial pesticides.