The racism in job advertisements in the 20th century

Abstract In this article, we verified the ways in which phenotypical and behavioral criteria have contributed to worsen social and economic inequality between white and non-white people in the State of São Paulo, in the beginning of the 20th century. Our corpus comprises 20 advertisements, offer and demand for jobs in the newspapers Correio Paulistano and O Estado de S.Paulo, both of great influence in São Paulo's society. This choice may be justified in terms of the documental characteristics inherent to this discursive genre. In our analysis, we have used as our theoretical presuppositions Fairclough's Critical Discourse Analysis - CDA (2003; 2008), as well as Van Dijk's studies (2010) on racism. In this perspective, genre is considered as a mode of action, one of the representations that Fairclough confers to discourse. It was comprehended as an element of social practices, and analyzed in a sociopolitical and ideological context in which the texts were produced.

摘要：本文验证了在20世纪初，表型与行为标准如何加剧了圣保罗州白人与非白人群体之间的社会与经济不平等。本研究语料库包括20份广告，涉及《科雷伊罗·帕乌利斯坦诺》和《圣保罗州报》两份报纸上的就业供需信息，这两份报纸在圣保罗社会具有深远的影响力。此选择在文献特征上或许能够得到合理的解释。在分析过程中，我们以Fairclough的批判性话语分析（CDA，2003；2008）以及Van Dijk关于种族主义的研究（2010）为理论预设。在此视角下，体裁被视为一种行动模式，Fairclough赋予话语的一种表征。它被视为社会实践的一个要素，并在文本产生的社会政治和意识形态背景下进行分析。