Cardinal temperatures for planting-emergence phase in gladiolus

ABSTRACT: The objective of this study was to determine the cardinal temperatures for the planting-emergence phase of gladiolus. A controlled environment experiment was performed in a growth chamber in the Universidade Federal do Pampa - Campus Itaqui, using the completely randomized experimental design with 12 temperature treatments (5°C, 7°C, 10°C, 13°C, 16°C, 18°C, 20°C, 22°C, 25°C, 30°C, 33°C, 35°C) and ten replicates. Corms of the cultivar ‘Amsterdam’ were planted at a depth of 10cm in 1.7dm3 pots. Every day the date of emergence of the gladiolus plants was observed. Then for each treatment, the emergence rate was calculated as the inverse of the duration of the budding phase, and estimated data were achieved employing the non-linear model of simulation. The lower base and upper base temperatures were identified at the non-emergence temperatures. To estimate the optimum temperature, the root of mean square error was used. Between 22 and 25ºC the planting-emergence phase was reported to be completed in a shorter time span, although the smaller root mean square error was achieved at 22.5ºC. The cardinal temperatures of the planting-emergence phase of gladiolus, lower base, optimum and upper base temperature were 5°C, 22.5°C and 35°C, respectively.

摘要：本研究旨在明确唐菖蒲播种出苗阶段的温度三基点（cardinal temperatures）。试验于巴西潘帕联邦大学伊塔基校区的人工气候箱内开展，采用完全随机试验设计，设置12个温度处理（5℃、7℃、10℃、13℃、16℃、18℃、20℃、22℃、25℃、30℃、33℃、35℃），每个处理设10次重复。供试品种‘阿姆斯特丹’的球茎种植于容积1.7立方分米的花盆中，种植深度为10厘米。每日记录唐菖蒲植株的出苗日期。随后针对每个处理，以出苗阶段时长的倒数计算出苗速率，并通过非线性模拟模型获取估算数据。通过无植株出苗的温度处理确定了下限基点温度与上限基点温度；采用均方根误差（root of mean square error）估算最优温度。结果显示，在22℃至25℃区间内，播种出苗阶段的完成时长更短，但均方根误差最小的处理温度为22.5℃。最终得到唐菖蒲播种出苗阶段的温度三基点分别为下限基点温度5℃、最优温度22.5℃以及上限基点温度35℃。