Parkes observations for project P1238 semester 2024APRS_05

Young and energetic pulsars can power strong pulsar wind nebula (PWN), which can be observed from radio to X-ray and beyond. Thanks to the superior sensitivity of the ASKAP EMU survey, we are able to identify new PWNe in the Galactic plane, and use them to guide our search of radio pulsars. This strategy was demonstrated successful by the recent discoveries of two high dispersion measure (DM) pulsars powering a bow-shocked PWNe. Recently, we analysed several EMU fields covering the Galactic plane and identified another five new PWNe candidates. Here we propose to use the Parkes UWL receiver to carry out targeted search of radio pulsars powering these PWNe. Since these system are located in the Galactic plane and can be distant, we expect them to have large DMs. Such high DMs will lead to strong scattering and smearing and make pulsars undetectable in previous pulsar surveys. The wide frequency coverage of UWL, especially the high frequencies, will allow us to avoid these effects and therefore offer us a better chance to find these pulsars.

年轻且能量充沛的脉冲星能够驱动形成强烈的脉冲星风云（pulsar wind nebula, PWN），这类天体可在射电至X射线及更宽的电磁波段被观测到。得益于ASKAP EMU巡天（ASKAP EMU Survey）卓越的观测灵敏度，我们得以在银道面中识别出新的脉冲星风云，并以此为指引开展射电脉冲星搜寻工作。此前已有研究通过该策略成功发现两颗高色散量（dispersion measure, DM）脉冲星，它们各自驱动着弓形激波脉冲星风云。近期，我们对覆盖银道面的多块EMU巡天天区开展了分析，又识别出5个新的脉冲星风云候选体。在此我们提出观测申请，拟使用帕克斯UWL接收机（Parkes UWL receiver）对这些脉冲星风云对应的射电脉冲星开展靶向搜寻。由于这类天体系统位于银道面且距离遥远，我们预期它们具有较大的色散量。这类高色散量会引发严重的信号散射与展宽，导致这些脉冲星在以往的脉冲星巡天观测中无法被探测到。UWL接收机具备宽频率覆盖范围，尤其是高频段观测能力，将帮助我们规避上述效应，从而显著提升发现这类脉冲星的概率。