Parkes observations for project P1050 semester 2023APRS_05

This is a request for the observation time for the timing campaign of new pulsars discovered in the reprocessing of the low-latitude Galactic plane section of the HTRU-S survey (HTRU-S LowLat) and the Parkes Multibeam Pulsar Survey (PMPS). We have completed 90 % of the HTRU-S LowLat survey and completed zero acceleration PMPS search with GPU-based coherent acceleration search, template bank, and fast folding algorithm pipelines and now have discovered 112 previously unknown pulsars among which 18 were found in the PMPS. Interesting science can usually only be derived from a new pulsar after confirmation, and a follow-up timing campaign is carried out. At least one year of initial timing is the minimum timespan required to fully characterise any newly-discovered pulsars, essential for deriving pulsar parameters such as the characteristic age, magnetic field strength, and spin-down rate, as well as for detecting any unexpected behaviour of the pulsar which might result from emission instabilities. This project is necessary for the timing of several interesting pulsars, including binary pulsars, high DM pulsars, scattered profile pulsars, and bright ones that show emissions in larger bandwidths in the UWL band. Apart from this, finding the nature of a unique binary pulsar system via a dedicated observing campaign is also another goal. The follow-up timing in semester 2023APRS will assist in completing many exciting large-term science goals.

本申请旨在协调观测时长，用于对HTRU-S巡天（HTRU-S LowLat）低银纬银道面区段以及帕克斯多波束脉冲星巡天（Parkes Multibeam Pulsar Survey, PMPS）的再处理数据中发现的新脉冲星开展计时观测项目。目前我们已完成HTRU-S LowLat巡天90%的观测数据处理工作，并依托基于图形处理器（Graphics Processing Unit, GPU）的相干加速搜索、模板库与快速折叠算法流程，完成了PMPS巡天的零加速模式搜寻，现已发现112颗此前未被发现的脉冲星，其中18颗来自PMPS巡天。新发现的脉冲星通常仅在得到确认并开展后续计时观测后，才能产出具有科学价值的研究成果。为完整刻画任意新发现脉冲星的物理特性，至少需要一年的初始计时观测作为最低时长要求，这一步骤对推导脉冲星的特征年龄、磁场强度与自转减速率等参数，以及探测由辐射不稳定性引发的脉冲星异常行为均至关重要。本项目需对多类兼具科研价值的脉冲星开展计时观测，包括双星脉冲星、高色散量（Dispersion Measure, DM）脉冲星、展宽轮廓脉冲星，以及在超宽低频（UWL）波段拥有更宽辐射带宽的亮脉冲星。除此之外，通过专属观测项目探明某颗特殊双星脉冲星系统的本质属性，亦是本项目的另一目标。2023APRS观测季的后续计时观测，将助力我们达成多项极具科学意义的长期科研目标。