Location selection criteria of optimal public EV charging station in Bangkok Metropolitan Region

The rapid adoption of electric vehicles (EVs) presents both opportunities and challenges in urban infrastructure development, particularly in the siting of EV charging stations. This thesis aims to address three primary objectives: examining the charging behaviors of Battery Electric Vehicle (BEV) and Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicle (PHEV) users, analyzing the critical factors influencing the installation of EV charging stations, and developing a location selection criteria to assist business entrepreneurs in identifying potential sites within the Bangkok Metropolitan Region. Data were collected through interviews with experts experienced in EV station location selection and surveys conducted with service providers. This information was supplemented by a comprehensive review of existing literature to identify and define the criteria essential for effective location selection. The Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) was employed to quantify the importance of each factor, ensuring a robust analytical framework. The results revealed that economic considerations were paramount, significantly impacting the decision-making process for both BEVs and PHEVs. Demand analysis and usage patterns also played a crucial role, particularly for PHEVs which displayed greater sensitivity to market dynamics. Accessibility and convenience, while less significant, were essential for promoting user adoption and ensuring the practical usability of charging facilities. Lastly, the reliability of infrastructure emerged as a foundational criterion, though it carried the least weight among the factors studied. The study concludes that while BEVs and PHEVs share similar location selection priorities, nuanced differences in their weightings reflect distinct strategic focuses. The developed model advocates a balanced approach, prioritizing economic viability, demand, accessibility, and infrastructure robustness. This research not only aids in strategic planning for current and future EV infrastructure projects but also contributes to the broader discourse on sustainable urban mobility solutions in rapidly growing metropolitan areas like Bangkok.

电动汽车（electric vehicles, EVs）的快速普及，为城市基础设施发展带来了机遇与挑战，其中电动汽车充电站的选址问题尤为凸显。本论文旨在达成三项核心研究目标：一是剖析纯电动汽车（Battery Electric Vehicle, BEV）与插电式混合动力汽车（Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicle, PHEV）用户的充电行为；二是解析影响电动汽车充电站安装的关键因素；三是构建一套选址评价标准，以助力商业从业者在曼谷都市区内挖掘潜在建站点位。本研究通过对具备充电站选址经验的专家开展访谈，以及面向服务提供商进行问卷调查完成数据采集，并辅以全面的现有文献综述，以明确并界定有效选址所需的核心评价准则。研究采用层次分析法（Analytic Hierarchy Process, AHP）对各因素的重要性进行量化，以此构建稳健的分析框架。研究结果显示，经济考量占据首要地位，对纯电动汽车与插电式混合动力汽车用户的决策过程均产生显著影响。需求分析与使用模式同样发挥关键作用，其中插电式混合动力汽车用户对市场动态的敏感度更高。可达性与便捷性虽权重相对较低，但对于提升用户接受度、保障充电设施的实际可用性仍属必要条件。基础设施可靠性作为一项基础性准则，在本次研究的各因素中权重最低。本研究表明，尽管纯电动汽车与插电式混合动力汽车的选址优先级存在相似之处，但二者在权重上的细微差异反映出各自不同的战略侧重。所构建的模型倡导均衡的决策思路，优先考量经济可行性、需求规模、可达性以及基础设施可靠性。本研究不仅可为当前及未来电动汽车基础设施项目的战略规划提供参考，还能为曼谷这类快速发展的都市区探索可持续城市交通解决方案的广泛讨论贡献理论支撑。