Acoustics short-term passive monitoring using sonobuoys in the Bering, Chukchi, and Western Beaufort Seas conducted by Alaska Fisheries Scientific Center, National Marine Mammal Laboratory from 2007-08-01 to 2015-09-28 (NCEI Accession 0138863)

The National Marine Mammal Laboratory (NMML) has conducted passive acoustic monitoring in the Bering, Chukchi, and Western Beaufort Seas to determine spatio-temporal distribution of marine mammals as well as environmental and anthropogenic noise. Species and sounds detected on sonobuoys include fin, blue, bowhead, humpback, killer, gray, minke, sperm, beluga, sei, and North Pacific right whales, walrus, ribbon and bearded seals, and seismic airguns. This short-term passive acoustic monitoring was also used to locate vocalizing species of interest for photo-identification, tagging, and behavioral studies. Recordings are available since 2007 in the Bering Sea, since 2010 in the Chukchi and Beaufort Seas, and in 2013 in the Gulf of Alaska. Both omnidirectional and DiFAR sonobuoys have been used. The vast majority of the sonobuoys were deployed opportunistically along the tracks of research cruises funded by the Bureau of Ocean Energy Management (BOEM). In one year (2009), sonobuoys were deployed opportunistically from an aerial survey plane. All sonobuoys were provided by the United States Navy (Naval Operational Logistics Support Center, Naval Surface Warfare Center, Crance Division, and the Office of the Assistant Secretary of the Navy).

美国国家海洋哺乳动物实验室（National Marine Mammal Laboratory, NMML）于白令海、楚科奇海与西波弗特海开展被动声学监测，旨在明确海洋哺乳动物的时空分布格局，同时探究环境噪声与人为噪声的特征。该监测通过声呐浮标（sonobuoys）探测到的物种与声源涵盖：长须鲸、蓝鲸、弓头鲸、座头鲸、虎鲸、灰鲸、小须鲸、抹香鲸、白鲸、塞鲸、北太平洋露脊鲸，海象、带纹海豹与髯海豹，以及地震气枪（seismic airguns）产生的声学信号。此项短期被动声学监测还可用于定位目标发声物种，为后续的照片识别、个体标记及行为学研究提供支撑。录音数据的开放获取时段为：白令海自2007年起，楚科奇海与波弗特海自2010年起，阿拉斯加湾则自2013年起。本次监测同时使用了全向声呐浮标与DiFAR声呐浮标。绝大多数声呐浮标均沿海洋能源管理局（Bureau of Ocean Energy Management, BOEM）资助的科研航次航线进行机会性布设。2009年当年，声呐浮标则通过航空测量飞机进行机会性投放。所有声呐浮标均由美国海军提供，具体供应方包括海军作战后勤保障中心、海军水面作战中心克兰分部以及海军助理部长办公室。