ISSP 2004: Citizenship: Finnish Data

The survey covers citizen participation, and attitudes towards participation in Finland. Opinions as to what it takes to be a good citizen (e.g. always obey laws, never evade taxes, willingness to serve in the military) were charted. Respondents were asked whether religious extremists, people who want to overthrow the government or people prejudiced against any racial or ethnic group should be allowed to hold public meetings. A set of questions charted respondents' political and social participation, for example, taking part in a demonstration or expressing views in the media. Membership and level of activity in different kinds of groups or associations (e.g. political parties, church, voluntary associations) were investigated. One theme covered people's rights in a democracy: respondents were asked to rate the importance of all citizens having adequate standard of living, of being allowed to participate in decision-making, or that authorities respect the rights of minorities etc. Political efficacy was studied by asking whether the government cares what respondents think. The degree to which respondents understand political issues was queried. Further questions explored citizen influence on legislature, respondents' interest in politics, and trust in other people. The survey also investigated opinions on international issues, like whether the UN has too much or too little power, and which bodies should be involved in the decision-making in international organizations. Respondents were also asked whether the UN should intervene if a country violates human rights. Opinions of Finnish politics were studied by asking about political parties, referendums, how honest the counting and reporting of votes had been in the last national elections, and how fair the campaign opportunities of the candidates and parties. Opinions on the degree of commitment and corruption in the Finnish public service were examined. Some questions focused on the functioning of democracy in Finland at the moment, 10 years ago and 10 years from now. Views were probed on whether the government should restrict democratic rights under any circumstances. Frequency of following political news/content in different media was studied, likewise respect and tolerance towards other people. Background variables included respondent's gender, year of birth, marital status, education, occupation, employment status, weekly working hours, trade union membership, employer sector, industry of employment, social class, personal and household income, household composition, type of community, region, and spouse's education, occupation, weekly working hours, employer sector and industry of employment.

本调查聚焦芬兰民众的公民参与行为及其相关态度。研究内容涵盖民众对合格公民特质的认知，例如始终遵守法律、绝不逃税、自愿服兵役等。受访者被询问是否应允许宗教极端主义者、试图颠覆政府者，或对任何种族或族裔抱有偏见者举办公开集会。一系列问题旨在调研受访者的政治与社会参与情况，例如参与游行示威或在媒体平台表达个人观点。同时调查了民众在各类团体或协会（如政党、教会、志愿组织）中的成员身份与参与层级。其中一项核心主题为民主框架下的公民权利：受访者需对多项权利的重要性进行评级，包括全体公民享有充足生活水准、有权参与公共决策制定，以及当局尊重少数群体权利等。通过询问“政府是否会在意受访者的想法”来测度政治效能感，同时调查了受访者对政治议题的理解程度。后续问题进一步探讨了公民对立法机构的影响力、民众对政治的兴趣水平，以及对他人的信任程度。本调查还涵盖民众对国际议题的看法，例如联合国权力过大还是过小，以及哪些机构应参与国际组织的决策制定。受访者还被问及，若某国出现侵犯人权的情况，联合国是否应当进行干预。针对芬兰国内政治的认知，调查通过询问政党情况、全民公投、上一次全国选举的计票与报告透明度，以及候选人与政党的竞选机会公平性等问题展开。同时调研了民众对芬兰公共服务领域投入程度与腐败现象的看法。部分问题聚焦于芬兰当前、十年前以及未来十年的民主运行状况。此外还探究了民众是否认为政府在任何情况下都应当限制民主权利。调查同时研究了受访者通过不同媒体渠道关注政治新闻/内容的频率，以及对他人的尊重与包容度。背景变量涵盖受访者的性别、出生年份、婚姻状况、受教育程度、职业、就业状态、每周工作时长、工会会员身份、雇主所属领域、就业产业、社会阶层、个人与家庭收入、家庭构成、社区类型、所在地区，以及配偶的受教育程度、职业、每周工作时长、雇主所属领域与就业产业。