Clinic and laboratorial profile of Gingivostomatitis Complex in domestic cats

ABSTRACT Seventy six domestic cats classified with different scores (I to IV) of oral lesions have been included in the study, being clinically examined and having blood samples and oral cavity swabs collected. Most cats diagnosed with Gingivostomatitis Complex (GSC) were male, neutered, adult, DSH, and lived confined. Clinical signs observed and related to the severity of mouth inflammation were halitosis (98.7%), ptyalism (22.4%), oral hemorrhage (9.2%), and upper lip ulcers (2.6%); discomfort during mouth examination (44.7%) and tooth loss (55,3%). Most cats have been classified as score II (43.4%). The red blood cell count showed no significant statistical difference regardless the different scores of oral lesions and clinical symptoms. However, the leukogram showed neutrophilia (21.1%) and plasmatic proteins had an increased level (47.3%), in most of the animals classified as score II, suggesting that these parameters, when increased, may be associated to less severe GSC scores. Oral cavity microscope slides analysis showed that Simonsiella spp. have been more frequent in the cytology of the score IV animals, however, it does not allow us to correlate the presence of the bacteria with the severity lesions degree.

摘要 本研究纳入76只按口腔病变严重程度分为I至IV级的家猫，所有受试猫均接受临床检查，并采集了血液样本与口腔拭子。确诊为口炎复合征（Gingivostomatitis Complex, GSC）的受试猫中，多数为雄性、已绝育的成年短毛家猫（Domestic Shorthair, DSH），且为圈养状态。与口腔炎症严重程度相关的临床体征包括口臭（98.7%）、流涎（22.4%）、口腔出血（9.2%）与上唇溃疡（2.6%）；此外还观察到口腔检查时的不适反应（44.7%）与牙齿脱落（55.3%）。多数受试猫被归为II级病变（43.4%）。无论口腔病变分级与临床症状如何，红细胞计数均无显著统计学差异。但在归为II级病变的受试猫中，多数可见白细胞象异常（中性粒细胞增多症，21.1%）与血浆蛋白水平升高（47.3%），提示上述指标升高可能与较轻的GSC病变分级相关。口腔玻片显微镜检查结果显示，IV级病变受试猫的细胞学样本中西蒙斯菌属（Simonsiella spp.）检出率更高，但该结果无法证实该菌的检出与病变严重程度存在相关性。