Neural mechanisms underlying trust to friends, community members, and unknown peers in adolescence (Processed data)

This item contains the processed data for Sweijen et al. (2023). Neural mechanisms underlying trust to friends, community members, and unknown peers in adolescence. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience.
Trust plays an important role during adolescence for developing social relations. While prior developmental studies give us insight into adolescents’ development of differentiation between close (e.g., friends) and unknown (e.g., unknown peers) targets in trust choices, less is known about the development of trust to societal targets (e.g., members of a community organization), and its underlying neural mechanisms. Using a modified version of the Trust Game, our preregistered fMRI study examined the underlying neural mechanisms of trust to close (friend), societal (community member), and unknown others (unknown peer) during adolescence in 106 participants (aged 12-23). Adolescents showed most trust to friends, less trust to community members, and the least trust to unknown peers. Neural results show that target differentiation in adolescents’ trust behavior is associated with activity in social brain regions implicated during mentalizing, reward processing, and cognitive control. Recruitment of the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) and orbitofrontal cortex was higher for closer targets (i.e., friend and community member). For the mPFC, this effect was most pronounced during no trust choices. Trust to friends was additionally associated with increased activity in the precuneus and bilateral temporal parietal junction. In contrast, bilateral dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and anterior cingulate cortex were most active for trust to unknown peers. The mPFC showed increased activity with age and consistent relations with individual differences in feeling needed/useful.
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本数据集包含Sweijen等人（2023年）的已处理神经影像数据，对应研究论文《青春期个体对朋友、社群成员与陌生同侪的信任神经机制》，该论文发表于《认知神经科学杂志》（Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience）。

信任在青春期社交关系的发展过程中发挥关键作用。既往发育心理学研究虽已揭示青少年在信任选择中对亲密对象（如朋友）与陌生对象（如陌生同侪）的区分性发展规律，但学界对青少年针对社会性对象（如社区组织成员）的信任发展及其潜在神经机制仍知之甚少。

本研究采用改良版信任博弈（Trust Game）范式，通过一项预先注册的功能磁共振成像（fMRI）研究，纳入106名年龄介于12至23岁的青少年参与者，考察了青春期个体对亲密对象（朋友）、社会性对象（社群成员）与陌生他人（陌生同侪）的信任行为背后的神经机制。

行为结果显示，青少年对朋友的信任程度最高，对社群成员的信任程度次之，对陌生同侪的信任程度最低。神经影像结果表明，青少年信任行为中的对象区分效应，与心智化（mentalizing）、奖赏加工（reward processing）及认知控制（cognitive control）相关的社交脑区活动存在显著关联。

内侧前额叶皮层（medial prefrontal cortex, mPFC）与眶额皮层（orbitofrontal cortex）在亲密对象（即朋友与社群成员）条件下的激活程度更高；其中，内侧前额叶皮层的该效应在无信任选择情境中最为显著。

此外，个体对朋友的信任还与楔前叶（precuneus）及双侧颞顶联合区（temporal parietal junction）的活动增强相关。

与之相反，双侧背外侧前额叶皮层（dorsolateral prefrontal cortex）与前扣带回皮层（anterior cingulate cortex）在个体对陌生同侪产生信任时激活程度最高。

内侧前额叶皮层的激活程度随年龄增长而增强，且与个体感知自身被需要/有用的个体差异存在稳定关联。

本公开数据包包含已处理的数据文件，仅对本研究的作者开放访问权限。有兴趣的相关人员可通过发送邮件至[e-mail]申请数据访问权限，申请时请说明访问数据的具体原因。