Isolation of Salmonella spp. and Escherichia coli from psittacine: public health importance

ABSTRACT: The illegal wildlife trade is widespread among several countries, and Brazil is one of the most frequently involved due to its great territorial extension and large diversity of animal species. Birds are the main target, and among them the Psittaciformes order, which are removed indiscriminately from nature, is one of the most frequently traded due to their intelligence and great communicating skills. However, the conditions in which these birds are captured and maintained in captivity favor several diseases, among them the ones caused by some Enterobacteriaceae. In this family, the most frequently associated bacteria to illnesses and deaths in psittacine are Salmonella and Escherichia coli , which cause salmonellosis and colibacillosis, respectively. Therefore, this study presents a review of the literature concerning these enterobacteria in Psittaciformes, emphasizing the zoonotic potential of these bacteria.

摘要：非法野生动物贸易在多国广泛蔓延，巴西凭借其广袤的国土面积与极为丰富的动物物种多样性，成为该贸易最频发的参与国之一。鸟类是该贸易的主要目标类群，其中鹦鹉形目（Psittaciformes）因兼具高智商与出色的交流能力，常被无差别地从野外捕捉，是交易量最高的物种类群之一。然而，这类鸟类在捕获与人工饲养过程中的生存条件，极易催生多种疾病，其中就包括部分肠杆菌科（Enterobacteriaceae）病原菌所引发的病症。在该科细菌中，与鹦鹉类患病乃至死亡关联最为频繁的菌种为沙门氏菌（Salmonella）与大肠埃希氏菌（Escherichia coli），二者分别引发沙门氏菌病与大肠埃希氏菌病。有鉴于此，本研究针对鹦鹉形目动物所携带的上述肠杆菌科细菌展开文献综述，重点探讨了这类细菌的人畜共患病传播潜力。