Expanding School Resources and Increasing Time on Task: Effects of a Policy Experiment in Israel on Student Academic Achievement and Behavior

This paper uses a natural experiment in Israel to assess the impact of school teaching resources and how it is used, time-on-task, on academic achievements and non-cognitive outcomes. It exploits variation induced by a change in the funding formula that reduced instructional resources funding for

本研究依托以色列开展的一项自然实验（natural experiment），评估学校教学资源及其使用方式、任务投入时间（time-on-task）对学业成就（academic achievements）与非认知结果（non-cognitive outcomes）的影响。本研究利用了一项资助公式（funding formula）调整所引发的经费差异——该调整削减了面向……的教学资源经费（instructional resources funding）