LandScan 2016 : Global Population Database

Using an innovative approach with Geographic Information Systems and Remote Sensing, ORNL’s LandScan is the community standard for global population distribution. At 30 arc-second (approximately 1 km) resolution, LandScan is the finest resolution global population distribution data available and represents an “ambient population” (average over 24 hours). The LandScan algorithm, an R&D 100 Award Winner, uses spatial data and imagery analysis technologies and a multi-variable dasymetric modeling approach to disaggregate census counts within an administrative boundary. LandScan population data are spatially explicit - unlike tabular Census data. Since no single population distribution model can account for the differences in spatial data availability, quality, scale, and accuracy as well as the differences in cultural settlement practices, LandScan population distribution models are tailored to match the data conditions and geographical nature of each individual country and region.

借助地理信息系统（Geographic Information Systems）与遥感（Remote Sensing）的创新研究方法，橡树岭国家实验室（Oak Ridge National Laboratory，ORNL）推出的LandScan是全球人口分布领域的学术共同体通用标准。该数据集空间分辨率达30角秒（约1公里），是当前可获取的最高分辨率全球人口分布数据，其所表征的是"日均常住人口（24小时平均值）"。LandScan所采用的算法曾斩获研发100奖（R&D 100 Award），该算法依托空间数据与影像分析技术，结合多变量密度分区建模（dasymetric modeling）方法，对行政辖区内的普查汇总数据进行空间分解。与仅以表格形式呈现的普查数据不同，LandScan人口数据具备空间显式（spatially explicit）特性。由于单一的人口分布模型无法兼顾空间数据的可获取性、质量、尺度与精度差异，同时也无法适配不同地区的文化聚居模式差异，因此LandScan人口分布模型针对每个国家与地区的数据条件及地理特征进行了定制化优化。