Data underlying the publication: Analogies of graphene oxide synthesized from low-ranked leonardite coal extracted bio-carbon humic acid with conventional graphene oxide

This study investigates humic acid [HA] derived from low ranked leonardite coal [LC] as an eco-friendly carbon precursor for graphene oxide synthesis, replacing conventional graphite with the modified Hummer’s method. The objective is to assess the physicochemical properties of leonardite humic acid [LHA]-derived graphene oxide compared to commercially available graphene oxide [CGO]. A comprehensive set of analytical techniques, including XPS, XRD, FTIR, Raman, SEM, and TGA have been taken to characterize the above systematically. GO synthesized from leonardite humic acid shows structural and morphological similarities to conventional graphite oxide, including thin sheets, surface wrinkles, and defects. Both materials consist of carbon sheets with oxygen-containing functional groups, such as epoxy, hydroxyl, and carboxyl groups. Analysis confirms the successful transformation of LHA into GO, revealing a highly ordered, graphene-like carbon structure. This method emphasizes environmental benefits by turning waste into wealth, reducing resource extraction, and minimizing ecological impact.<br>

本研究以低阶莱昂纳迪特褐煤[LC]提取的腐殖酸[HA]作为环保型碳前驱体，采用改良Hummers法合成氧化石墨烯，以此替代传统工艺中以石墨为原料的路线。本研究的核心目标为对比莱昂纳迪特腐殖酸[LHA]衍生氧化石墨烯与商用氧化石墨烯[CGO]的理化性质。研究团队采用X射线光电子能谱（XPS）、X射线衍射（XRD）、傅里叶变换红外光谱（FTIR）、拉曼光谱（Raman）、扫描电子显微镜（SEM）及热重分析（TGA）等多种分析技术，对两种样品进行了系统表征。由莱昂纳迪特腐殖酸合成的氧化石墨烯，在结构与形貌上与传统石墨基氧化石墨烯高度相似，均呈现超薄片层、表面褶皱与缺陷结构。两种材料均含有环氧基、羟基与羧基等含氧官能团的碳片层结构。分析结果证实，莱昂纳迪特腐殖酸可成功转化为氧化石墨烯，其碳结构呈现高度有序的类石墨烯特征。该合成方法通过变废为宝、减少资源开采并降低生态影响，彰显了优异的环境友好优势。