Monitoring the Future: A Continuing Study of American Youth, 2018 [Restricted-Use]

This data collection is part of the Monitoring the Future series that explores changes in important values, behaviors, and lifestyle orientations of contemporary American youth in eighth, tenth, and twelfth grades. The restricted-use data sets in this collection include variables that were altered or omitted from the public-use data sets to maintain respondent confidentiality. Examples of variables included in their original form are: unaltered sampling weight variable, variables for strata and cluster to account for the complex sample design of the MTF, and previously-omitted data on some variables for the Western region of the US. For each year from 1976 through 2017, two data sets containing data for all three grades are available: one dataset including school-level state, county, and Zip Code variables, and one dataset without these geographic school-level variables. Beginning with 2018, data sets were created separately for 8th/10th and 12th grades, resulting in four data sets. This split on grade was done to mirror the data availability of the public-use files and facilitate the merging of the public- and restricted-use data. <strong>Please note: Use of the geographic identifiers such as state, county, or zip code is limited and researchers interested in these variables are encouraged to read FAQs:</strong> Monitoring the Future Restricted-Use Geographic Variables. Also included as part of each annual collection is a zip archive of the Monitoring the Future public-use data and documentation for each respective year. The basic research design used by the Monitoring the Future study involves annual data collections from eighth, tenth, and twelfth graders throughout the coterminous United States during the spring of each year. The 8th/10th grade surveys consist of four different questionnaire forms (only two forms from 1991-1996) and the 12th grade surveys consist of six questionnaire forms (only five forms from 1976-1988). Identical forms are used for both eighth and tenth grades, and for the most part, questionnaire content is drawn from the twelfth-grade questionnaires. Thus, key demographic variables and measures of drug use and related attitudes and beliefs are generally identical for all three grades. However, many fewer questions about lifestyles and values are included in the 8th/10th grade surveys. Drugs covered by these surveys include tobacco, smokeless tobacco, alcohol, marijuana, hashish, prescription medications, over-the-counter medications, inhalants, steroids, LSD, hallucinogens, amphetamines (stimulants), Ritalin (methylphenidate), sedatives/barbiturates tranquilizers, cocaine, crack cocaine, ecstasy, methamphetamine, heroin, and GHB (gamma hydroxy butyrate). Other topics include: attitudes toward religion, changing roles for women, educational aspirations, self-esteem, exposure to drug education, and violence and crime (both in and out of school).

本数据集隶属于监测未来（Monitoring the Future）系列研究，该系列旨在探究当代美国八年级、十年级及十二年级青少年的核心价值观、行为模式与生活方式取向的变迁。本合集中的受限使用数据集，包含为保护受访者隐私而从公开使用数据集修改或移除的变量。以原始形式保留的变量示例包括：未修改的抽样权重变量、用于适配监测未来复杂抽样设计的层与群变量，以及此前被移除的美国西部地区部分变量的原始数据。1976年至2017年的每一年，均提供两份涵盖全部三个年级数据的数据集：一份包含学校层面的州、县及邮政编码（Zip Code）变量，另一份则不含此类地理学校层面变量。自2018年起，数据集按八年级/十年级与十二年级分别构建，最终形成四份数据集。此举旨在匹配公开使用文件的数据可用性，并便于公开使用与受限使用数据集的合并。**请注意：州、县、邮政编码等地理标识符的使用受到限制，有意使用此类变量的研究人员请参阅常见问题解答（FAQs）：《监测未来受限使用地理变量》**。每年度的合集中还包含对应年份的监测未来公开使用数据集ZIP压缩归档文件及相关文档。监测未来研究采用的基础研究设计为：每年春季对美国本土范围内的八年级、十年级及十二年级学生开展年度数据采集。八年级/十年级的调研包含四种问卷形式（1991年至1996年仅使用两种形式），十二年级调研则包含六种问卷形式（1976年至1988年仅使用五种形式）。八年级与十年级使用完全相同的问卷形式，且问卷内容大多源自十二年级问卷。因此，三个年级的核心人口统计学变量、药物使用相关指标及对应态度与信念的测量项基本一致。但八年级/十年级调研中关于生活方式与价值观的问题数量要少得多。本调研覆盖的药物包括：烟草、无烟烟草、酒类、大麻、大麻脂、处方药物、非处方药物、吸入性毒物、类固醇、麦角二乙酰胺（LSD）、致幻剂、苯丙胺（兴奋剂）、利他林（哌甲酯）、镇静剂、巴比妥类药物、抗焦虑药、可卡因、快克可卡因、摇头丸、甲基苯丙胺、海洛因及γ-羟基丁酸（GHB）。其他调研主题包括：宗教态度、女性角色变迁、教育期望、自尊水平、药物教育接触情况，以及校内外的暴力与犯罪问题。