Validity Evidence of a Measurement of Mindfulness, Based on its Relations to Other Variables

Abstract Mindfulness is a quality of consciousness, which may occur when one is intentionally aware of inner experiences. In this study, we have gathered validity evidence for a Measurement of Mindfulness (MAP), based on its relation to other variables (N=553). Participants included 553 Brazilian adults, mostly undergraduate students, with a mean age of 23.15 years (SD 7.34). We correlated the z-scores of MAP with the scores of the Factorial Battery of Personality, Positive affect and Negative Affect Scales, Satisfaction with Life Scale, Psychological Battery of Attention, and Measurement of Emotional Intelligence. Correlations were made between the MAP and other instruments. Significant correlations were found between mindfulness and the traits Openness and Satisfaction, negative affect and life satisfaction. Focused, alternating and general attention showed significant associations with mindfulness. Furthermore, we observed significant associations of emotional intelligence with mindfulness and novelty seeking. We conclude that the MAP is a valid instrument based on its relations to other variables; however, further studies with this instrument are necessary.

摘要：正念（Mindfulness）是一种意识特质，当个体有意觉知自身内在体验时便可能产生该状态。本研究基于正念量表（Measurement of Mindfulness，下称MAP）与其他变量的关联，为其收集了效度证据（样本量N=553）。本研究共纳入553名巴西成年受试者，其中以本科生居多，平均年龄为23.15岁，标准差（SD）7.34。我们将MAP的Z分数与人格因子成套测验、正负情感量表、生活满意度量表、注意力心理成套测验以及情绪智力量表的得分进行了相关分析。结果显示，正念与开放性人格特质、满意度特质呈显著相关，同时与负性情感及生活满意度亦存在显著关联；集中性注意力、交替性注意力与一般性注意力均与正念存在显著关联。此外，本研究还观察到情绪智力与正念及求新性特质存在显著关联。综上，基于与其他变量的关联分析结果，本研究证实MAP为一款有效的测评工具；然而，未来仍需针对该量表开展进一步研究。