Parkes observations for project P1176 semester 2023APRS_07

Pulsars and their winds are among nature's most powerful particle accelerators, producing particles with energies up to a few PeVatrons. In addition to high-energy radiation from the magnetosphere, the rotational energy of a neutron star is carried away in the form of magnetized ultra-relativistic pulsar winds. Investigation of pulsar wind nebula (PWN) offers an excellent chance to determine the interaction details of relativistic flows with their surroundings that may never be possible in other classes of source. Our recent analyses of ASKAP observations of Galactic Plane uncovered previously known X-ray PWN CXOU J163802.6-471358 (nicknamed as Potoroo). Recently, we have successfully detected a pulsar candidate associated with Potoroo with Parkes telescope. It is detected at 3 GHz with a dispersion measure of DM = 1553 pc cm-3 and a rotation period of 65.74 ms. Here we propose timing observations for this pulsar with the Parkes Ultra-Wideband Low (UWL) receiver. Through pulsar timing, we will be able to obtain precise measurements of the pulsar position and proper motions, and the spin-down of the pulsar which enables us to independently estimate the age of the system. Long-term timing will also enable us to measure the parallax of the system and search for pulsation at high energies (i.e. X-ray and gamma-ray)

脉冲星（Pulsar）及其星风是自然界中最强大的粒子加速器之一，可产生能量高达数个拍电子伏加速器（PeVatrons）的粒子。除了来自磁层（magnetosphere）的高能辐射外，中子星（Neutron star）的自转能量会以磁化超相对论性脉冲星风的形式被带走。对脉冲星风云（pulsar wind nebula, PWN）的研究，为我们揭示相对论性流与周围环境的相互作用细节提供了绝佳契机——这类细节在其他类型的天体源中或许永远无法被观测到。我们近期基于澳大利亚平方公里阵列探路者（ASKAP）的银道面（Galactic Plane）观测数据开展的分析，发现了此前已知的X射线（X-ray）脉冲星风云CXOU J163802.6-471358（昵称为Potoroo）。近期，我们借助帕克斯望远镜（Parkes Telescope）成功探测到了与Potoroo相关的脉冲星候选体。该候选体在3吉赫（3 GHz）波段被探测到，其色散量（dispersion measure, DM）为1553 pc cm⁻³，自转周期为65.74毫秒（ms）。据此，我们提议使用帕克斯超宽带低频接收机（Ultra-Wideband Low, UWL）对该脉冲星开展计时观测。通过脉冲星计时观测，我们将能够精确测定该脉冲星的位置与自行速度，以及其自转减速率（spin-down），进而独立估算该天体系统的年龄。长期计时观测还将帮助我们测定该系统的视差（parallax），并搜寻其在高能波段（即X射线与伽马射线（gamma-ray））的脉动信号。