Para um projeto político da memória

For a political project of memory. The objective of this paper is to provoke a debate about the social-political reality of Brazil focusing on one of the most striking phenomena of this reality: forgetfulness and impunity. The proposed task is based on some philosophical propositions formulated by the German philosopher Friedrich Nietzsche which allow the evaluation of the importance of the past to the constitution of the present time, as well as how the present can actively interact with this past. In specific terms, we intend to take this conception to evaluate the hypothesis that the forgetfulness associated with impunity, in the case of Brazil, does not correspond to a kind of amnesia or simple lack of memory, but it is the result of an interdiction-project about the past that arises from the interest of certain configurations of power that at present continue to gather benefits from violence and injustices committed in the past. However, the same assumption hypothesis which allows us ,on the one hand, to verify nowadays the perpetuation of the effects of certain violence and injustices of the past, also allows us, on the other hand, to think of a political project of memory that is configured, for example, through affirmative policies such as "family allowance" programs of quotas for African descents in universities etc. Such policies, for sure, constitute today a reference for the construction of an idea of justice that has in the appropriation of the past the most basic material to build relationships with less disproportionate measures in the present

本研究围绕一项记忆政治项目展开。本文旨在围绕巴西社会政治现实展开研讨，聚焦该现实中最引人注目的现象之一：集体遗忘与有罪不罚。本研究的核心任务基于德国哲学家弗里德里希·尼采（Friedrich Nietzsche）提出的若干哲学命题，这些命题可用于评估过去对于当下建构的重要意义，以及当下如何与过去形成能动互动。具体而言，我们将依托这一哲学框架，验证如下假说：巴西语境下与有罪不罚相伴而生的集体遗忘，并非单纯的失忆或记忆缺失，而是源于特定权力构型发起的过往禁忆工程的产物——这类权力构型至今仍能从过往的暴力与不公中攫取不当利益。然而，这一假说既能够帮助我们验证当下过往某些暴力与不公的影响仍在延续，也能够促使我们思考建构记忆政治项目的可行路径——例如通过平权政策：如大学非洲裔配额制、家庭补贴计划等。毋庸置疑，此类政策如今已成为正义理念建构的重要参照：其核心在于将对过往的发掘与认领作为最基础的建构素材，以此在当下构建更具合理性的社会关系，采取更为适度的治理举措。