Inventory of debris flows in burned (2020-2022) and unburned (1995-2020) areas in the western Cascade Range of Oregon

This data release contains two debris-flow inventories summarizing observations from burned and unburned areas in the western Cascade Range of Oregon (OR). The burned inventory focuses on debris flows that occurred during the first two years after the 2020 Archie Creek, Holiday Farm, Beachie Creek/Lionshead, and Riverside fires (OR_field_observations.csv). The unburned inventory (1995-2022) focuses on debris flows in the same areas (excluding the Riverside Fire). The inventories are derived from field observations (OR_field_observations.csv) and aerial imagery (OR_imagery_observations.csv). They include mapped debris-flow initiation locations, descriptions of the inferred initiation process, other notable site characteristics, and rainfall data. Locations of debris flows observed after wildfires are also linked to USGS postfire debris-flow hazard assessments (USGS, 2022; Staley and others, 2017; Thomas and others 2023). Rainfall characteristics for each debris flow in the inventory are derived from the closest rainfall gage to an observed debris flow (gage_locations.csv). Peak rainfall rates during the known time window of debris-flow initiation are reported for durations of 15 minutes, 30 minutes, 60 minutes, 12 hours, 24 hours, 36 hours, and 48 hours. More detailed explanations of the headers for each of these csv files can be found within the README_csvname.txt file.

References:
Landslide Hazards Program. (n.d.). Emergency assessment of post-fire debris-flow hazards. U.S. Geological Survey. https://landslides.usgs.gov/hazards/postfire_debrisflow

Staley, D. M., Negri, J. A., Kean, J. W., Laber, J. L., Tillery, A. C., and Youberg, A. M., 2017, Prediction of spatially explicit rainfall intensity–duration thresholds for post-fire debris-flow generation in the western United States. Geomorphology, 278, 149–162. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geomorph.2016.10.019

Thomas, M. A., Kean, J. W., McCoy, S. W., Lindsay, D. N., Kostelnik, J., Cavagnaro, D. B., Rengers, F. K., East, A. E., Schwartz, J. Y., Smith, D. P., and Collins, B. D., 2023, Postfire hydrologic response along the Central California (USA) coast: insights for the emergency assessment of postfire debris-flow hazards. Landslides, 20, 2421-2436. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10346-023-02106-7

本数据集发布包含两份泥石流（debris flow）编目，汇总了美国俄勒冈州（Oregon，缩写OR）喀斯喀特山脉西部过火区域与未过火区域的观测数据。其中过火区域编目聚焦于2020年Archie Creek、Holiday Farm、Beachie Creek/Lionshead以及Riverside野火发生后两年内发生的泥石流事件，相关数据存储于"OR_field_observations.csv"文件中。未过火区域编目时间跨度为1995-2022年，聚焦于上述区域内（不含Riverside野火影响区域）的泥石流事件。

两份编目均基于野外实地观测（"OR_field_observations.csv"）与航空影像解译（"OR_imagery_observations.csv"）生成，编目内容包括已标定的泥石流起始位置、推断的起始过程描述、其他重要场地特征以及降雨数据。野火后观测到的泥石流点位还关联了美国地质调查局（USGS）的灾后泥石流灾害评估成果（USGS, 2022; Staley等, 2017; Thomas等, 2023）。

编目中每起泥石流的降雨特征均取自距该泥石流观测点最近的雨量站数据，雨量站位置信息存储于"gage_locations.csv"文件中。报告了泥石流发生已知时段内，15分钟、30分钟、60分钟、12小时、24小时、36小时及48小时不同历时的峰值降雨速率。各CSV文件表头的详细说明可查阅"README_csvname.txt"文件。

参考文献：
1. 滑坡灾害项目组（Landslide Hazards Program）. 灾后泥石流灾害应急评估[EB/OL]. 美国地质调查局, 无日期. https://landslides.usgs.gov/hazards/postfire_debrisflow
2. Staley D M, Negri J A, Kean J W, 等. 美国西部灾后泥石流触发的空间显式降雨强度-历时阈值预测[J]. 地貌学（Geomorphology）, 2017, 278: 149-162. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geomorph.2016.10.019
3. Thomas M A, Kean J W, McCoy S W, 等. 美国加利福尼亚中部海岸灾后水文响应：对灾后泥石流灾害应急评估的启示[J]. 滑坡（Landslides）, 2023, 20: 2421-2436. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10346-023-02106-7