The Impact of Transactional and Transformational Leadership Style on Organizational Citizenship Behaviors

Abstract We investigated the impact of transactional and transformational leadership styles on organizational citizenship behaviors. The sample consisted of 213 workers of both genders who answered the Multifactorial Leadership Scale and the Organizational Citizenship Behaviors (OCB) Scale. The multiple linear regression showed that: the transactional leadership style positively predicted the OCB dimension associated to the creation of a climate favorable to the organization in the external environment; the transformational leadership style positively predicted the dimensions of OCB associated to the creative suggestions related to the system; to the creation of a favorable organizational climate in the external environment; to self-training and to cooperation among colleagues; transformational leadership style showed greater predictive power on OCB than transactional leadership. It was concluded that transformational leaders are more capable to lead their subordinates in order to take actions that go beyond their prescribed roles.

摘要 本研究探讨了交易型领导（Transactional Leadership）与变革型领导（Transformational Leadership）风格对组织公民行为（Organizational Citizenship Behaviors, OCB）的影响。研究样本涵盖213名不同性别的员工，所有受访者均完成了多因素领导量表（Multifactorial Leadership Scale）与组织公民行为量表的填写。多元线性回归分析结果显示：交易型领导风格对与构建外部有利组织氛围相关的OCB维度具有正向预测作用；变革型领导风格则对四类OCB维度均具有正向预测作用，具体包括与组织系统相关的创新性建议、外部有利组织氛围的构建、员工自我培训以及同事间协作；相较于交易型领导风格，变革型领导风格对组织公民行为的预测效力更强。研究最终得出结论：变革型领导者更能够引导下属做出超出本职岗位职责的行为。