World Squid Fisheries

Some 290 species of squids comprise the order Teuthida that belongs to the molluscan Class Cephalopoda. Of these, about 30–40 squid species have substantial commercial importance around the world. Squid fisheries make a rather small contribution to world landings from capture fisheries relative to that of fish, but the proportion has increased steadily over the last decade, with some signs of recent leveling off. The present overview describes all substantial squid fisheries around the globe. The main ecological and biological features of exploited stocks, and key aspects of fisheries management are presented for each commercial species of squid worldwide. The history and fishing methods used in squid fisheries are also described. Special attention has been paid to interactions between squid fisheries and marine ecosystems including the effects of fishing gear, the role of squid in ecosystem change induced by overfishing on groundfish, and ecosystem-based fishery management.

目前共有290种鱿鱼隶属于软体动物门头足纲（Cephalopoda）的鱿形目（Teuthida）。其中约30至40种鱿鱼在全球范围内具备显著的商业价值。相较于鱼类捕捞业，鱿鱼渔业对全球捕捞渔业总上岸量的贡献占比相对较小，但该比例在过去十年间持续攀升，近期则显现出趋缓的态势。本综述全面概述了全球范围内所有具备重要规模的鱿鱼渔业活动。针对全球每一种商业性鱿鱼物种，本文详细阐述了其开发捕捞种群（exploited stocks）的主要生态与生物学特征，以及渔业管理的关键要点。同时还介绍了鱿鱼渔业的发展历史与所用捕捞作业方式。本研究特别关注鱿鱼渔业与海洋生态系统之间的相互作用，具体涵盖渔具（fishing gear）的生态影响、底层鱼类（groundfish）过度捕捞引发的生态系统变化中鱿鱼所扮演的角色，以及基于生态系统的渔业管理（ecosystem-based fishery management）相关内容。