Drug Use Forecasting in 24 Cities in the United States, 1987-1997

The Drug Use Forecasting (DUF) Program measures levels of and trends in drug use among persons arrested and booked in the United States. The data address the following topics: (1) types of drugs used by arrestees (based on self-reports and urinalysis), (2) self-reported dependency on drugs, (3) self-reported need for alcohol/drug treatment, (4) the relationship between drug use and certain types of offenses, and (5) the relationship between self-reported indicators of drug use and indicators of drug use based on urinalysis. Participation in the project is voluntary, and all information collected from the arrestees is anonymous and confidential. The data include the arrestee's age, race, gender, educational attainment, marital status, and the charge at the time of booking. The recently modified DUF interview instrument (used for part of the 1995 data and all of the 1996 and 1997 data) also collected information about the arrestee's use of 15 drugs, including recent and past use (e.g., 3-day and 30-day drug use) of each of these drugs, age at first use, and whether the arrestee had ever been dependent on drugs. In the original DUF interview instrument (used for the 1987 to 1994 data and part of the 1995 data), the information collected was the same as above except that the use of 22 drugs was queried, and the age at which the arrestee first became dependent on the drug was included. Arrestees also were questioned in the original instrument about their history of intravenous drug use, whether the consideration of AIDS influenced whether they shared needles, history of drug and alcohol treatment, their past and current drug treatment needs, and how many persons they had sex with during the past 12 months. Finally, arrestees were asked to provide a urine specimen, which was screened for the presence of ten drugs, including marijuana, opiates, cocaine, PCP, methadone, benzodiazepines (Valium), methaqualone, propoxyphene (Darvon), barbiturates, and amphetamines (positive test results for amphetamines were confirmed by gas chromatography). The Gun Addendum Data (Parts 27, 35, and 37) contain variables on topics such as arrestees' encounters with guns, whether they agreed or disagreed with statements about guns, gun possession, how they obtained handgun(s), whether they were armed with a gun at their arrest or during crimes, and if they had ever used a gun against another person. The Heroin Addendum Data, 1995 (Part 29) contains information that was formerly covered in the main annual file in 1992-1994, but in 1995 was revised and prepared as a separate dataset.

药物使用监测（Drug Use Forecasting, DUF）项目旨在衡量美国被捕且完成登记入档人员的药物使用水平与变化趋势。该数据集涵盖以下研究主题：（1）被捕人员的药物使用类型（基于自我报告与尿液分析（urinalysis）结果）；（2）自我报告的药物依赖情况；（3）自我报告的酒精/药物治疗需求；（4）药物使用与特定类型犯罪之间的关联；（5）自我报告的药物使用指标与基于尿液分析的药物使用指标之间的相关性。
本项目的参与为自愿行为，所有从被捕人员处收集的信息均为匿名且保密。数据集包含被捕人员的年龄、种族、性别、受教育程度、婚姻状况，以及登记入档时的指控罪名。近期修订后的DUF访谈问卷工具（用于1995年部分数据，以及1996年、1997年的全部数据），额外收集了被捕人员对15种药物的使用情况，包括各类药物的近3日与近30日使用情况、首次使用年龄，以及被捕人员是否曾存在药物依赖。
最初的DUF访谈问卷工具（用于1987年至1994年的数据以及1995年的部分数据），除涵盖上述内容外，还询问了22种药物的使用情况，并补充了被捕人员首次出现药物依赖的年龄。此外，原始访谈工具还询问了被捕人员的静脉注射药物使用史（intravenous drug use）、是否因艾滋病考量而共用针头、药物与酒精治疗史、过往与当前的药物治疗需求，以及过去12个月内的性伴侣数量。
最后，研究人员会要求被捕人员提供尿液样本（urine specimen），用于筛查10种药物的存在，包括大麻（marijuana）、阿片类药物（opiates）、可卡因（cocaine）、苯环己哌啶（PCP）、美沙酮（methadone）、苯二氮䓬类药物（benzodiazepines，Valium，即安定）、安眠酮（methaqualone）、右丙氧芬（propoxyphene，Darvon，即达而丰）、巴比妥类药物（barbiturates）与苯丙胺类药物（amphetamines），其中苯丙胺阳性检测结果需通过气相色谱法（gas chromatography）确认。
枪支附加数据集（Gun Addendum Data，第27、35、37部分）包含的变量涉及以下主题：被捕人员与枪支的接触经历、对枪支相关表述的赞同与否、枪支持有情况、获取手枪的途径、被捕时或犯罪过程中是否携带枪支，以及是否曾使用枪支攻击他人。
1995年海洛因附加数据集（Heroin Addendum Data，第29部分）所包含的信息，原属于1992年至1994年的年度主数据集，但在1995年被修订并单独整理为独立数据集。