Research Design: Cultural Resources Inventory Program for the Marine Corps Air Ground Combat Center, Twentynine Palms, California

A research design for the phased inventory of cultural resources on the Marine Corps Air Ground Combat Center at Twentynine Palms, California, is presented. The survey design is oriented around a series of research questions pertinent to current studies of prehistoric and historic cultures of the eastern Mojave Desert. For prehistoric periods, these questions focus on cultural chronology, paleoecological reconstruction, and settlement and subsistence. Ethnohistoric research questions revolve around the role of ethnic affiliation and the effects of Euro-American intrusion on native life. For the Historic period research, interests focus on issues related to early mining.
A stratified sample design was developed for the inventory program. This design divided the base into seven sampling universes. Each sampling universe was in turn divided among four strata; spring/lake, bajada, mountain, and lava bed. A square kilometer was chosen as the sample unit, and a reiterative sampling approach was advocated. Survey methods were designed to yield reliable and consistent results. In addition to sampling concerns, an approach to settlement location modeling based on the capabilities of a geographic information system was presented. Finally, additional programs were suggested in geomorphology, museum studies, and archival research.

本研究提出了针对加利福尼亚州二十九棕榈滩海军陆战队空地作战中心文化资源分阶段清查的研究设计方案。本次调查设计围绕一系列与东莫哈韦沙漠史前及历史文化前沿研究相关的核心问题展开。针对史前时期，研究问题聚焦于文化年代学、古生态重建以及聚落与生计模式两大维度。民族史相关研究问题则围绕族群归属的作用，以及欧美殖民入侵对原住民生活造成的影响展开。针对历史时期的研究，则聚焦于与早期采矿活动相关的各类议题。
本次清查项目采用分层抽样设计方案。该方案将作战基地划分为7个抽样全域，每个抽样全域又进一步划分为4个抽样层：泉水/湖泊带、山麓冲积扇（bajada）、山地与熔岩台地。本次研究选定1平方千米作为样本单元，并倡导采用迭代抽样方法。调查方法的设计旨在获取可靠且一致的研究结果。除抽样相关考量外，本研究还提出了一种基于地理信息系统（geographic information system）功能的聚落选址建模方法。最后，本研究还提出了地貌学、博物馆研究与档案研究领域的拓展研究计划。