Cline Center Coup d’État Project Dataset

Coups d'État are important events in the life of a country. They constitute an important subset of irregular transfers of political power that can have significant and enduring consequences for national well-being. There are only a limited number of datasets available to study these events (Powell and Thyne 2011, Marshall and Marshall 2019). Seeking to facilitate research on post-WWII coups by compiling a more comprehensive list and categorization of these events, the Cline Center for Advanced Social Research (previously the Cline Center for Democracy) initiated the Coup d'État Project as part of its Societal Infrastructures and Development (SID) project.

More specifically, this dataset identifies the outcomes of coup events (i.e. realized or successful coups, unrealized coup attempts, or thwarted conspiracies) the type of actor(s) who initiated the coup (i.e. military, rebels, etc.), as well as the fate of the deposed leader.

This current version, Version 2.1.2, adds 6 additional coup events that occurred in 2022 and updates the coding of an attempted coup event in Kazakhstan in January 2022.

Version 2.1.1 corrects a mistake in version 2.1.0, where the designation of “dissident coup” had been dropped in error for coup_id: 00201062021. Version 2.1.1 fixes this omission by marking the case as both a dissident coup and an auto-coup.

Version 2.1.0 added 36 cases to the data set and removes two cases from the v2.0.0 data. This update also added actor coding for 46 coup events and adds executive outcomes to 18 events from version 2.0.0. A few other changes were made to correct inconsistencies in the coup ID variable and the date of the event.

Changes from the previously released data (v2.0.0) also include:

1. Adding additional events and expanding the period covered to 1945-2022
2. Filling in missing actor information
3. Filling in missing information on the outcomes for the incumbent executive
4. Dropping events that were incorrectly coded as coup events
<br>
<b>Items in this Dataset</b>

1. <i>Cline Center Coup d'État Codebook v.2.1.2 Codebook.pdf</i> - This 16-page document provides a description of the Cline Center Coup d’État Project Dataset. The first section of this codebook provides a summary of the different versions of the data. The second section provides a succinct definition of a coup d’état used by the Coup d’État Project and an overview of the categories used to differentiate the wide array of events that meet the project's definition. It also defines coup outcomes. The third section describes the methodology used to produce the data. <i>Revised February 2023</i>

2. <i>Coup Data v2.1.2.csv</i> - This CSV (Comma Separated Values) file contains all of the coup event data from the Cline Center Coup d’État Project. It contains 29 variables and 981 observations. <i>Revised February 2023</i>

3. <i>Source Document v2.1.2.pdf</i> - This 315-page document provides the sources used for each of the coup events identified in this dataset. Please use the value in the coup_id variable to identify the sources used to identify that particular event. <i>Revised February 2023</i>

4. <i>README.md</i> - This file contains useful information for the user about the dataset. It is a text file written in markdown language. <i>Revised February 2023</i>

<br>

<b> Citation Guidelines</b>

1. To cite the codebook (or any other documentation associated with the Cline Center Coup d’État Project Dataset) please use the following citation:

Peyton, Buddy, Joseph Bajjalieh, Dan Shalmon, Michael Martin, Jonathan Bonaguro, and Scott Althaus. 2023. “Cline Center Coup d’État Project Dataset Codebook”. Cline Center Coup d’État Project Dataset. Cline Center for Advanced Social Research. V.2.1.2. February 23. University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign. doi: 10.13012/B2IDB-9651987_V6

2. To cite data from the Cline Center Coup d’État Project Dataset please use the following citation (filling in the correct date of access):

Peyton, Buddy, Joseph Bajjalieh, Dan Shalmon, Michael Martin, Jonathan Bonaguro, and Emilio Soto. 2023. Cline Center Coup d’État Project Dataset. Cline Center for Advanced Social Research. V.2.1.2. February 23. University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign. doi: 10.13012/B2IDB-9651987_V6

政变（Coup d'État）是国家发展历程中的重大事件，属于非正规政治权力更迭的重要子类，会对国家福祉产生深远且持久的影响。目前可供研究此类事件的公开数据集较为有限（Powell与Thyne 2011，Marshall与Marshall 2019）。为推动二战后政变相关研究，完善该类事件的完整名录与分类体系，克莱因高级社会研究中心（原克莱因民主研究中心）依托其社会基础设施与发展（Societal Infrastructures and Development, SID）项目，启动了政变项目（Coup d'État Project）。

具体而言，本数据集涵盖三类政变事件的判定结果：已实施/成功政变、未完成的政变企图，以及被挫败的密谋；同时记录政变发起主体的类型（如军方、反叛势力等），以及被推翻领导人的最终结局。

当前版本为2.1.2，新增了2022年发生的6起政变事件，并更新了2022年1月哈萨克斯坦政变企图的编码信息。
版本2.1.1修正了2.1.0版本中的一处错误：原编码中误将政变ID为00201062021的事件标记为“异见政变（dissident coup）”的信息被遗漏。本次更新通过将该事件同时标记为“异见政变”与“自动政变（auto-coup）”修复了这一疏漏。
版本2.1.0向数据集中新增了36起事件，并移除了v2.0.0版本中的2起事件。本次更新还为46起政变事件补充了发起主体编码，并为v2.0.0版本中的18起事件新增了行政首脑结局字段。此外还对部分内容进行了调整，以修正政变ID变量与事件日期中存在的不一致问题。
相较于此前发布的v2.0.0版本数据，本次更新还包括：
1. 新增事件并将数据覆盖时段拓展至1945-2022年
2. 补全缺失的发起主体信息
3. 补全缺失的在任行政首脑结局信息
4. 移除被错误编码为政变事件的条目

<b>本数据集包含以下文件</b>
1. <i>Cline Center Coup d’État Codebook v.2.1.2 Codebook.pdf</i> —— 这份16页的文档详细介绍了克莱因中心政变项目数据集。手册第一部分概述了数据集的各版本沿革；第二部分清晰界定了本项目所采用的政变定义，并分类说明了符合项目定义的各类事件的划分标准，同时定义了政变的各类结局；第三部分阐述了数据集的构建方法。本手册于2023年2月修订。
2. <i>Coup Data v2.1.2.csv</i> —— 该逗号分隔值（Comma Separated Values, CSV）文件包含克莱因中心政变项目的全部政变事件数据，共包含29个变量与981条观测记录。本文件于2023年2月修订。
3. <i>Source Document v2.1.2.pdf</i> —— 这份315页的文档列出了本数据集所有政变事件的来源依据，用户可通过coup_id字段值匹配对应事件的来源材料。本文件于2023年2月修订。
4. <i>README.md</i> —— 该文件以markdown语言撰写，包含本数据集的用户使用须知。本文件于2023年2月修订。

<b>引用规范</b>
1. 引用本项目数据集相关的手册（或其他配套文档）时，请使用以下格式：
Peyton, Buddy, Joseph Bajjalieh, Dan Shalmon, Michael Martin, Jonathan Bonaguro, and Scott Althaus. 2023. "Cline Center Coup d’État Project Dataset Codebook". Cline Center Coup d’État Project Dataset. Cline Center for Advanced Social Research. V.2.1.2. February 23. University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign. doi: 10.13012/B2IDB-9651987_V6
2. 引用本克莱因中心政变项目数据集的具体数据时，请使用以下格式（请补充实际访问日期）：
Peyton, Buddy, Joseph Bajjalieh, Dan Shalmon, Michael Martin, Jonathan Bonaguro, and Emilio Soto. 2023. Cline Center Coup d’État Project Dataset. Cline Center for Advanced Social Research. V.2.1.2. February 23. University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign. doi: 10.13012/B2IDB-9651987_V6