Analysis of Actors in Chickpea Seed Supply Chain; Gondar Zuria Woreda, Ethiopia

Chickpea provides numerous benefits to smallholder households in different ways. Increasing access to improved seed has the potential to improve the productivity of chickpea in Ethiopia. In the chickpea seed supply chain, understanding the seed source and actors’ role is important for providing quality and improved chickpea seed to farmers through creating effective seed supply chain mechanisms. The present study was carried out at Gondar Zuria Woreda in 2018. A multi-stage sampling technique was employed for the random selection of 140 sample households for individual interviews. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and qualitative approaches. From the present study, it is possible to note that the only source of improved chickpea pre-basic and basic seeds in the study Woreda is Debre-Zeit Agricultural Research Center. Gondar Agricultural Research Center (GARC), Tsehay Farmers’ Cooperative Union, and the University of Gondar play a dominant role in improved chickpea seed production and marketing. However, these institutions have been facing a shortage of supplying breeder and pre-basic seeds. It can be concluded that the involvement of different actors in the supply chain contributes a lot to accessing improved chickpea seeds for smallholder farmers. Therefore, the governmental and non-governmental organizations should work strongly to build the capacity of seed producer cooperatives and clustered smallholder farmers.

鹰嘴豆（Chickpea）可通过多种途径为小农家庭带来多重收益。提升改良种子的可及性，有望提升埃塞俄比亚境内鹰嘴豆的生产产能。在鹰嘴豆种子供应链体系中，明晰种子来源与各参与主体的职能，对于通过构建高效的种子供应链机制向农户供应优质改良鹰嘴豆种子至关重要。本研究于2018年在贡德尔祖里亚沃勒达（Gondar Zuria Woreda）开展，采用多阶段抽样法随机选取140户样本家庭进行一对一访谈，并运用描述性统计与定性分析方法对调研数据展开分析。研究结果显示，该研究区域内改良鹰嘴豆预基础种子与基础种子的唯一供应来源为德布雷泽特农业研究中心（Debre-Zeit Agricultural Research Center）；贡德尔农业研究中心（Gondar Agricultural Research Center, GARC）、特塞哈伊农民合作社联盟以及贡德尔大学在改良鹰嘴豆种子的生产与营销环节发挥主导作用。然而，上述机构均面临育种家种子与预基础种子供应不足的困境。综上可知，供应链中多元参与主体的协同参与，对小农获取改良鹰嘴豆种子具有显著的推动作用。因此，政府与非政府组织应加大工作力度，提升种子生产合作社与集群小农的发展能力。