Chemical and population data for Nasonia vitripennnis females collected from the Hoge Veluwe

AbstractEcotypes, strains locally adapted to divergent ecological conditions, are often considered to be the first steps in sympatric speciation. It has been suggested that two distinguishable ecotypes hint at incipient sympatric speciation in Nasonia vitripennis, the prominent model organism for parasitoid wasps, with one ecotype parasitizing fly pupae in bird nests, and the other parasitizing fly pupae on carrion. In the present study, we investigated the differentiation into these two distinct ecotypes on a population genetic and on a phenotypic level in a wild N. vitripennis population in the Netherlands. Isofemale lines were obtained from bird nest boxes and from deer carrion, respectively, representing both microhabitats. Using a panel of 14 microsatellites, we determined the population genetic structure and tested for genetic differentiation between the foundresses obtained from both microhabitats. To test for phenotypic differentiation, we determined the cuticular hydrocarbon (CHC) profiles from wasps of both microhabitats. Both the genetic and the phenotypic datasets show no evidence for any kind of separation based on the postulated two ecotypes, but rather suggest free interbreeding with no gene flow interruption between the two distinct host patches. This challenges previous assumptions on distinguishable ecotypes in N. vitripennis, and invites a re-evaluation of potential ecological speciation mechanisms in parasitoid wasps. This dataset contains:1) microsatellite data for 14 loci 25 N. vitripennis females collected in 2018 in the Hoge Veluwe in The Netherlands (HV2018_MicrosatelliteDataset.csv)2) Raw data of GC-MS profiles of cuticular hydrocarbon (CHC) of N.vitripennis males and females from iso-female lines collected in 2018 in the Hoge Veluwe in The Netherlands (HV2018_CHC_RawData.tar) and an overview (HV2018_GCMS_Data.csv).

摘要：生态型（Ecotypes）指适应不同生态环境的局地种群类群，通常被视为同域物种形成（sympatric speciation）的初始阶段。已有研究提出，作为寄生蜂（parasitoid wasps）领域的经典模式生物，丽蝇蛹集金小蜂（Nasonia vitripennis）存在两种可区分的生态型，暗示其正处于同域物种形成初期：一类寄生于鸟巢中的蝇蛹，另一类则寄生于腐尸上的蝇蛹。本研究针对荷兰境内的一个野生丽蝇蛹集金小蜂种群，从群体遗传学与表型水平两个维度，探究了该种群向这两种假定生态型的分化情况。研究分别从鸟巢箱与鹿类腐尸这两类微生境中获取了单雌系（Isofemale lines）样本。我们采用14个微卫星（microsatellites）标记组合，解析了该种群的群体遗传结构，并检验了两类微生境中采集到的建群雌蜂（foundresses）之间的遗传分化水平。为验证表型分化情况，我们测定了两类微生境来源的金小蜂的表皮碳氢化合物（cuticular hydrocarbon, CHC）图谱。群体遗传与表型数据均未发现支持这两种假定生态型存在分化的证据，反而表明两个宿主生境间存在自由交配，未出现基因流阻断现象。该结果对此前关于丽蝇蛹集金小蜂存在可区分生态型的假说提出了挑战，同时呼吁学界重新评估寄生蜂潜在的生态物种形成机制。本数据集包含：1）2018年于荷兰霍格维卢韦国家公园（Hoge Veluwe）采集的25头丽蝇蛹集金小蜂雌蜂的14个微卫星位点数据（HV2018_MicrosatelliteDataset.csv）；2）2018年于荷兰霍格维卢韦国家公园采集的单雌系金小蜂雌雄个体的表皮碳氢化合物气相色谱-质谱（Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry, GC-MS）原始数据（HV2018_CHC_RawData.tar），以及相关数据概况表（HV2018_GCMS_Data.csv）。