Flexible urban planning in the contemporary city: contributions from the analysis of 22@ Barcelona Plan

Abstract This article aims to analyse the 22@ Barcelona Plan, considering that this example can contribute with reflections to processes of transformation of urban areas in a similar situation. This plan proposes to promote the conversion of an industrial sector into an innovation sector. We hypothesize that the traditional rational and finalist planning has not been able to grasp the urban object, leaving a gap in the reading and understanding of the city. The discussion and analysis are based on issues identified as possible contributions to experiences of similar urban transformation, including Brazilian ones. The results show that the 22@ Barcelona Plan contributes to urban management by exemplifying the territorial transformation based on an instrument that considers progressive implantation, morphological diversity, the performance of several agents and mechanisms that are articulated in different scales, in a flexible planning system. However, we highlight still present issues in the usual practices of urban transformation; especially regarding the incorporation of social aspects to the process. Thus, we suggest incorporating the design dimension into proposals of this nature, considering, more appropriately, the territorial physical results, and aiming at transformations that guarantee the full right to the city.

摘要 本文旨在剖析巴塞罗那22@计划（22@ Barcelona Plan），鉴于该案例可为处境相似的城区转型进程提供可借鉴的思考路径。该计划主张推动工业片区向创新片区转型。我们提出研究假说：传统理性主义与终局性规划未能精准把握城市客体的本质，导致对城市的解读与认知存在盲区。本次讨论与分析基于若干可对同类城市转型经验（包括巴西的相关实践）提供参考的议题展开。研究结果显示，巴塞罗那22@计划通过构建以渐进式实施、形态多样性、多元主体参与及多尺度协同机制为核心的弹性规划体系，为片区地域转型提供了实践范例，可为城市治理提供有益借鉴。然而，我们仍需指出，城市转型的常规实践中仍存在诸多待完善之处，尤其在将社会维度融入转型进程方面存在明显短板。据此，我们建议将设计维度纳入此类转型方案，更合理地考量片区实体空间成果，并致力于实现保障城市全面权利的转型目标。