Urban transformation influence over the acoustic comfort: pilot study from the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro Campus

Abstract This work aims to present a methodology to analyze the influence of the urban transformation in the acoustic comfort for an urban space. This evaluation is based on a pilot study, using the campus of the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ) as object of analysis. Several urban transformations took place along the years, many of them proposed by the Master Plan of UFRJ for 2020. The noise impact evaluation due to the transformations was performed through noise map comparison of several urban configurations, mainly by traffic flow and buildings morphology. The noise map validation was performed by noise level measurements at points of special interest. The maps were generated using vehicular data counting and typology survey. The maps analysis as function of the urban transformations shown that the noise levels are higher than the stated by the environmental standards, and allowed to identify the main causes of such noise increase. Therefore, it was able to critically analyze the urban transformations along the time and the actual spatial configuration in order to propose actions to reduce the noise pollution and improve the hearing comfort at the UFRJ campus.

摘要：本研究旨在提出一套分析城市改造对城市空间声舒适度影响的方法论。本次评估依托一项试点研究，以里约热内卢联邦大学（Federal University of Rio de Janeiro，UFRJ）校区为分析对象。该校区多年来实施了多项城市改造工程，其中多数是依据《UFRJ 2020年总体规划》提出的。针对改造带来的噪声影响评估，通过对比多种城市空间布局下的噪声地图开展，核心考量交通流量与建筑形态两大因素。噪声地图的有效性通过在重点监测点位开展的噪声级实测完成验证。本次噪声地图的生成依托车辆流量统计数据与车辆类型调研结果。通过分析噪声地图随城市改造进程的变化规律，研究发现当前噪声水平超出环境标准限值，并明确了噪声升高的主要诱因。据此，本研究可批判性梳理该校区随时间推移的城市改造历程与当前空间布局，进而提出针对性措施以降低校园噪声污染、改善校内声舒适度。