14BIM03_SBB_xyz: Single-Beam Bathymetry XYZ Data Collected in 2014 Near Breton Island, Louisiana

As part of the Barrier Island Monitoring Project, scientists from the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center conducted nearshore geophysical surveys off Breton and Gosier Islands, Louisiana, in July and August of 2014. To assist the United States Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) with restoration planning efforts, the USGS was tasked with answering fundamental questions about the physical environment of the southern Chandeleur Islands, including the geology, morphology, and oceanography. Baseline data needed to answer these questions was either insufficient or missing in the area. The USGS conducted a comprehensive geologic investigation in the summer of 2014 by collecting geophysical and sedimentological data.
Breton Island, located at the southern end of the Chandeleur Island chain, Louisiana, was recognized as a natural and globally important nesting sanctuary for several bird species and was established as the Breton National Wildlife Refuge (NWR) in 1904. The aerial extent of Breton Island has diminished 90% since 1920. Land loss is attributed to ongoing relative sea-level rise, diminished sediment supply, and storm impacts. The bird population on Breton Island has also declined over the years, most notably after Hurricane George in 1998 and Hurricane Katrina in 2015, which completely submerged the island. Despite the decreasing habitable acreage, migratory seabirds continue to return and utilize Breton Island. To prevent the island from being completely submerged in the future and to protect, stabilize, and provide more nesting and foraging areas for the birding population, the USFWS is proposing a restoration effort to rebuild Breton Island to its pre-Katrina footprint.
This Data Series serves as an archive of processed interferometric-swath, single-beam bathymetry, and side-scan sonar data collected in the nearshore of Breton and Gosier Islands, NWR, Louisiana. The data were collected during two USGS cruises (USGS Field Activity Numbers 2014-314-FA and 2014-317-FA) in July and August 2014. Geographic Information System data products include a 100 meter-cell-size interpolated bathymetry grid surface, trackline maps, and point data files. Additional files include error analysis maps, Field Activity Collection System logs, and formal Federal Geographic Data Committee (FGDC) metadata.

作为屏障岛监测项目（Barrier Island Monitoring Project）的一部分，美国地质调查局（U.S. Geological Survey, USGS）圣彼得堡海岸与海洋科学中心的科研人员，于2014年7月至8月在路易斯安那州布雷顿岛与戈西尔岛近岸开展了近岸地球物理勘测。为协助美国鱼类及野生动物管理局（United States Fish and Wildlife Service, USFWS）推进修复规划工作，美国地质调查局受命解答有关昌德勒尔群岛南部物理环境的核心问题，涵盖地质、地貌与海洋学范畴。该区域此前用于解答此类问题的基线数据要么存在不足，要么完全缺失。为此，美国地质调查局于2014年夏季开展全面地质调查，采集了地球物理与沉积学相关数据。

坐落于路易斯安那州昌德勒尔群岛链最南端的布雷顿岛，是多种鸟类天然且具有全球重要性的筑巢庇护地，并于1904年被设立为布雷顿国家野生动物保护区（National Wildlife Refuge, NWR）。自1920年以来，布雷顿岛的陆地面积已缩减90%，陆地流失的原因包括持续的相对海平面上升、沉积物补给减少以及风暴冲击。多年来布雷顿岛上的鸟类种群数量也持续下降，尤以1998年乔治飓风与2015年卡特里娜飓风过后最为显著——卡特里娜飓风曾完全淹没该岛。尽管可栖息面积不断缩减，迁徙海鸟仍会返回并利用布雷顿岛。为防止该岛未来彻底被淹没，并为鸟类种群提供保护、稳定栖息环境与更多筑巢及觅食区域，美国鱼类及野生动物管理局正提议开展修复工程，将布雷顿岛恢复至卡特里娜飓风前的规模。

本数据集系列为美国路易斯安那州国家野生动物保护区布雷顿岛与戈西尔岛近岸采集的经过处理的干涉测深条带、单波束测深与侧扫声呐数据档案。这些数据由美国地质调查局于2014年7月和8月的两次科考航次（野外活动编号：2014-314-FA与2014-317-FA）采集所得。地理信息系统（Geographic Information System）数据产品包括100米网格分辨率的插值测深栅格表面、测线地图与点数据文件。其他文件还包括误差分析地图、野外活动采集系统日志以及正式的联邦地理数据委员会（Federal Geographic Data Committee, FGDC）元数据。