STATITIONARY ENGINE PERFORMANCE USING MIXTURE OF SOYBEAN AND CASTOR BEAN BIODIESEL TO DIESEL OIL

ABSTRACT The use of alternative fuels in diesel engines has been the subject of research that seeks new fuels to expand the energy matrix. The aim of this study was to evaluate the performance of the stationary engine with the use of mixtures of biodiesel from soybean and castor bean added to diesel (S500) in two proportions (25% and 40%), evaluating the torque, effective power observed and specific consumption. The five biodiesel mixtures of soybean (S) and castor bean (C) analyzed were: S100C0, S75C25, S50C50, S25C75 and S0C100, which were added to the diesel in proportions B25 and B40, totaling ten treatments, plus the control with diesel S500 (B7). The stationary engine was subjected to the rotations of 3000, 2700, 2400, 2100, 1800 and 1500 rpm. The performance of the engine was similar for all biodiesel mixtures of soybean and castor bean, and commercial diesel (B7). The B40 S100C0 and B40 S75C25 provide better performance in terms of effective power observed and torque at 2700 rpm. The highest effective maximum power (3000 rpm) was obtained with the use of B7 diesel. In the lower rotations, it was possible to identify a similar performance result of the biodiesel mixtures with the B7, in addition to providing better torque and consumption performance compared to the commercial diesel.

摘要 柴油发动机应用替代燃料，是拓展能源矩阵、探索新型燃料的研究热点之一。本研究旨在评估固定式发动机的运行性能：将两种掺混比例（25%与40%）的大豆-蓖麻籽生物柴油混合燃料（分别以B25、B40表示）掺入柴油，测定发动机的扭矩、实测有效功率及比油耗。本次试验分析的5组大豆（S）与蓖麻籽（C）生物柴油混合配比分别为：S100C0、S75C25、S50C50、S25C75及S0C100，将上述5种生物柴油以B25与B40两种比例掺入柴油中，共计10组处理工况，另设以S500柴油（B7）为燃料的对照组。试验所用固定式发动机的测试转速设置为3000、2700、2400、2100、1800及1500转每分钟（rpm）。结果显示，所有大豆-蓖麻籽生物柴油混合燃料与商用柴油（B7）的发动机运行性能相近；在2700转每分钟转速下，B40 S100C0与B40 S75C25两种燃料的实测有效功率及扭矩表现更优。在3000转每分钟转速下，使用B7柴油时可获得最高的有效最大功率。在较低转速工况下，生物柴油混合燃料的运行性能与B7柴油相近，且相较于商用柴油，其扭矩与油耗表现更为优异。