Enabling employment

We use unbalanced panel data from 235 firms over the 2019-2023 period to
examine how disability-related practices and initiatives affect disability
employment outcomes, drawing on a detailed annual survey filled out by mainly large
U.S. companies in the National Organization on Disability. These firms collectively employ about 8.5
million workers. The practices include recruitment and inclusion strategies, disability
promotion initiatives, accommodation and accessibility policies, support for
disability groups and mentoring, and training for management and HR staff. In this paper we focus on outcomes related to
hiring, promotions, and exits. Exploiting
variation in panel data over time, we find that a number of disability practice
categories predict favorable outcomes, although the positive correlations among
these practices complicate the effort to sort out their independent effects.

本研究采用2019-2023年间235家企业的非平衡面板数据，旨在探究残障相关实践与举措对残障就业成果的影响，数据源自美国全国残疾人组织（National Organization on Disability）开展的、主要由旗下大型美国企业填写的详细年度调查问卷。上述企业合计雇佣员工约850万名。本次研究涵盖的实践举措包括招聘与包容策略、残障宣传活动、残障工作适配与无障碍政策、残障群体支持及导师辅导计划，以及管理层与人力资源从业人员培训。本研究聚焦于招聘、晋升与离职相关的就业成果。利用面板数据的跨时间变异，研究发现多个残障实践类别均可预示良好的就业成果，但各举措间的正向相关性，使得厘清其独立影响的工作变得更为复杂。