Risk factors for bloodborne viral hepatitis in healthcare workers of Pakistan: a population based case–control study

Objectives: A high prevalence of viral hepatitis B and C was found among healthcare workers during a province-wide screening in Sindh Province, Pakistan. A follow-up study was undertaken to identify risk factors for this high prevalence in healthcare workers. Design: Population based case–control design. Setting: Public sector healthcare facilities in a rural district of Pakistan. Participants: Healthcare workers who were screened for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) antibodies. 178 healthcare workers employed at the public sector clinics and hospitals of the district were approached, of which 14 refused to participate. Cases had detectable serum antibodies against HCV and the presence of HBsAg. Healthcare workers non-reactive to HCV antibodies and with no HBsAg were controls. These were matched in a ratio of 1:1. Outcome measure: Detectable serum HBsAg and HCV antibody titer were taken as outcome. OR for various exposures was calculated; those with p<0...

研究目的：巴基斯坦信德省（Sindh Province）开展的全省筛查结果显示，当地医护人员中乙型病毒性肝炎与丙型病毒性肝炎的患病率居高不下。本研究开展后续调查，旨在明确该群体高患病率的相关危险因素。
研究设计：基于人群的病例对照研究设计。
研究地点：巴基斯坦某农村地区的公立医疗机构。
研究对象：曾接受乙型肝炎表面抗原（hepatitis B surface antigen, HBsAg）与丙型肝炎病毒（hepatitis C virus, HCV）抗体筛查的医护人员。本研究共联系该地区公立诊所及医院的178名医护人员，其中14人拒绝参与。病例组为血清中可检测到HCV抗体且HBsAg呈阳性的医护人员；对照组为HCV抗体检测呈阴性且无HBsAg携带的医护人员，两组按照1:1的比例进行匹配。
结局指标：以血清中可检测到HBsAg及HCV抗体滴度作为本次研究的结局指标。计算各类暴露因素的比值比（Odds Ratio, OR），当P值<0...