Multiple Myeloma in dog with atypical clinical presentation of bilateral facial paralysis: case report

ABSTRACT This paper reports a case of multiple myeloma (MM) in a bitch with atypical clinical presentation of rigidity of the facial muscles. Hemogram, biochemical tests, urinalysis, serology for leishmaniasis, skull radiography, bone marrow cytology and serum protein electrophoresis were performed. The plasma cell infiltration in bone marrow was >20 %, the monoclonal gammopathy and lesions compatible with bone lysis observed in the myelogram, protein electrophoresis and radiographic examination respectively, were decisive for diagnostic conclusion of MM. The disease may have a variable clinical presentation in dogs and pose a challenge for diagnosis in the pet clinic, especially in endemic areas of infectious diseases that present with similar clinical and laboratory presentations.

摘要
本研究报道1例以面部肌肉强直为非典型临床表现的母犬多发性骨髓瘤（multiple myeloma, MM）病例。本次检测涵盖血常规、生化检测、尿液分析、利什曼病（leishmaniasis）血清学检测、头颅X线摄影、骨髓细胞学检查及血清蛋白电泳。骨髓浆细胞浸润占比超过20%，同时在骨髓造影（myelogram）、血清蛋白电泳及X线影像学检查中分别观察到单克隆丙种球蛋白病（monoclonal gammopathy）与符合骨溶解的病变，上述结果为多发性骨髓瘤的确诊提供了决定性依据。该疾病在犬类中临床表现多样，宠物临床诊疗中确诊难度较大，尤其在临床表现与实验室检测结果相似的传染病流行地区，诊断挑战更为显著。