Open innovation integration to product development: a sector level analysis within the manufacturing industry

Abstract Paper aims the purpose of this study is to analyze how Open Innovation (OI) activities occur in Product Development Processes (PDP) and in the design of new products. Originality the study is based on a self-developed and conducted survey, applied to engineers and managers working in departments involving product development and innovation among the Brazilian automakers. Research method the method adopted is that of a questionnaire-based survey. Results are analyzed through a principal component analysis, followed by ordinary least squares regressions, in order to test the hypotheses proposed. Main findings results suggest that inbound practices were more present than outbound practices, with a strong presence of the supplier in the design process (and not so much of a user-centered approach). Correlation between an organizational culture that favors OI and adoption to newer PDP methods and tools indicate that adopting newer product development methodologies and technologies could lead to a more “open” design process. Implications for theory and practice the research provides an overview of open innovation within the Brazilian automakers, and reports what could be opportunities for the automotive industry to head towards.

摘要 本研究旨在分析开放式创新（Open Innovation，OI）活动在产品开发流程（Product Development Processes，PDP）以及新产品设计中的开展情况。
创新性 本研究基于自主开发并实施的调研问卷，调研对象为巴西汽车制造商中涉及产品开发与创新部门的工程师与管理人员。
研究方法 本研究采用问卷调研法。研究结果先通过主成分分析（Principal Component Analysis）进行处理，随后采用普通最小二乘回归（Ordinary Least Squares Regressions）以验证所提出的研究假设。
主要研究结果 结果表明，内向型开放式创新实践的普及程度高于外向型实践，且供应商在设计流程中的参与度较高，但以用户为中心的设计方法应用相对不足。此外，支持开放式创新的组织文化与新型产品开发方法及工具的采用之间存在显著相关性，这意味着采用新型产品开发方法论与技术可推动设计流程更具"开放性"。
理论与实践启示 本研究梳理了巴西汽车制造商领域内开放式创新的应用现状，并为汽车行业的未来发展指明了潜在机遇方向。