Supplementary Material for: Radiation Safety and Electrophysiologists: Radiation Protection Status – Go for Zero Fluoroscopy European Heart Rhythm Association Registry

Background: The purpose of this study was to analyze elec?trophysiologists’ radiation-protective devices for occupa?tional exposure across European countries. Methods: Data reported herein were gathered from the international, mul?ticenter prospective Go for Zero Fluoroscopy registry per?formed in years 2018–2019. The registry encompassed 25 European electrophysiological centers from 14 countries and up to 5 operators from each center. Results: The analysis included 95 operators (median age: 39 years, 85% of male, median training time: 5 years). The most frequently used X-ray protection tools (used by ≥80% of the group) were lead aprons, thyroid shields, screens below the table, glass in the laboratory, and least often (<7%) protective gloves and cab?in. No statistically significant differences regarding the number of procedures performed monthly, electrophysiologists’ experience and gender, and radiation exposure dose or radiation protection tools were observed, except lead thyroid shields and eyeglasses, which were more often used in case of fewer electrophysiological procedures performed (<20 procedures per month). Operators who were protected by >4 X-ray protection tools were exposed to lower radiation levels than those who were protected by ≤4 X-ray protection tools (median radiation exposure: 0.6 [0.2–1.1] vs. 0.2 [0.1– 0.2] mSv per month, p < 0.0001; 1.1 [0.1–12.0] vs. 0.5 [0.1–1.1] mSv per year, p < 0.0001), respectively. Conclusions: Electro?physiologists’ radiation-protective devices for occupational exposure are similar across European centers and in accor?dance with the applicable X-ray protection protocols, irre?spective of the level of experience, number of monthly per?formed EP procedures, and gender.

背景：本研究旨在分析欧洲各国电生理医师职业暴露所使用的辐射防护设备。方法：本文所呈现的数据，采集自2018至2019年间开展的国际性多中心前瞻性「Go for Zero Fluoroscopy」注册研究。该研究覆盖14个国家的25家欧洲电生理中心，每家中心最多纳入5名操作医师。结果：本次分析共纳入95名操作医师（年龄中位数为39岁，男性占比85%，临床培训时长中位数为5年）。使用率≥80%的X射线防护工具包括铅围裙、甲状腺防护围脖、桌下防护屏、实验室防护玻璃；而防护手套与防护舱的使用率最低（<7%）。除甲状腺防护围脖与防护眼镜在每月开展电生理手术量较少（<20台/月）的医师中使用率更高外，未观察到每月手术量、电生理医师从业经验、性别与辐射暴露剂量或辐射防护工具使用情况之间存在统计学显著差异。使用≥4种X射线防护工具的医师，其辐射暴露水平低于使用≤4种防护工具的医师（月辐射暴露中位数分别为0.6[0.2–1.1] mSv与0.2[0.1–0.2] mSv，p < 0.0001；年辐射暴露中位数分别为1.1[0.1–12.0] mSv与0.5[0.1–1.1] mSv，p < 0.0001）。结论：欧洲各电生理中心的职业辐射防护设备配置整体趋同，且符合现行X射线防护规程，与医师从业经验、每月手术量及性别均无关联。