Genetic admixture and population structure analysis of Indian water buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis) using STR markers

We generated genetic diversity data for 10 different buffalo populations of India using 20 highly polymorphic microsatellite markers. The buffalo populations of Odisha were the primary focus, viz. Chilika, Paralakhemundi, Kalahandi, Sambhalpuri, and Manda. The total observed number of alleles ranged between 143 (Manda) and 301 (Paralakhemundi) with an average of 204 alleles per breed. The minimal spanning network based on Bruvo's distance, PCA based on the Fst values, and genetic admixture analysis using both the STRUCTURE and 'snapclust' could identify the Manda population distinct from other Odisha buffalo breeds as well as Chhattisgarhi buffalo breed. The Sambhalpuri buffalo population also clustered into two separate subpopulations, half of the unique sub-population located geographically south-wards displayed no admixture with any of the adjacent buffalo populations. The Sambhalpuri population requires elaborate analysis to confirm the existence of two distinct sub-populations and ...

本研究利用20个高度多态性微卫星标记（microsatellite markers），生成了印度10个不同水牛种群的遗传多样性数据。本研究以奥里萨邦（Odisha）的水牛种群为核心研究对象，具体涵盖奇利卡（Chilika）、帕拉拉克赫门迪（Paralakhemundi）、卡拉汉迪（Kalahandi）、桑巴尔普里（Sambhalpuri）与曼达（Manda）共5个种群。观测得到的等位基因（allele）总数介于143（曼达种群）至301（帕拉拉克赫门迪种群）之间，各品种平均等位基因数为204个。基于布鲁沃距离（Bruvo's distance）的最小生成网络（minimal spanning network）、基于Fst值（Fst values）的主成分分析（Principal Component Analysis, PCA），以及结合STRUCTURE与"snapclust"的遗传混合分析，均可将曼达种群与奥里萨邦其余水牛品种以及查蒂斯加尔邦（Chhattisgarhi）水牛种群清晰区分。桑巴尔普里水牛种群可被划分为两个独立亚种群，其中地理分布偏南的独特亚种群，未与任何邻近水牛种群发生遗传混合。桑巴尔普里种群需开展进一步深入分析，以验证其两个独立亚种群的存在性及……