IMOS - Ships of Opportunity - Ocean Carbon Dioxide Data from RV Southern Surveyor voyage SS2010_V09 (Sydney-Sydney)

This data was collected in October 2010 by the IMOS Ship of Opportunity Underway CO2 Measurement research group on RV Southern Surveyor (IMOS platform code: VLHJ) voyage SS2010_V09.Departed:     Sydney, NSW, Oct 14, 2010Arrived:     Sydney, NSW, Oct 31, 2010CO2 System Overview:The fugacity of carbon dioxide (fCO2) in surface seawater was measured using a General Oceanics Inc. automated system (Model 8050; Pierrot et al 2009). Seawater is sprayed into an equilibration chamber and CO2 in the headspace gas equilibrates with the seawater. The headspace gas is pumped through a thermoelectric condenser followed by a nafion drying tube before flowing through a Licor 7000 non-dispersive infrared gas analyser used to measure the CO2 mole fraction (XCO2) of the dried air. The gas flow is stopped temporarily for the CO2 measurements, which are made at atmospheric pressure. A set of four CO2 standards that cover the range of CO2 values expected in the ocean are analysed about every four hours to calibrate the gas analyser. The standard gas concentrations are on the WMO-X2007 mole fraction scale for CO2-in-air. Atmospheric XCO2 (dry) is measured after the standards by pumping clean outside air from an intake on the forward mast of the ship. Seawater intake and ancillary data:The seawater intake is located at about 5.5m depth in the bow of the ship. Sea surface salinity is measured using a thermosalinograph (Seabird Electronics SBE21) located next to the CO2 system. A remote temperature sensor (Seabird Electronics SBE 38) located at the intake is used to measure sea surface temperature (SST). The travel time between the intake and CO2 system is typically about 4 minutes with warming usually less than 0.6ºC. The thermosalinograph water is from the same intake, but the supply lines separate after the intake. A comparison of thermosalinograph and equilibrator temperature records shows the temperature difference in the two lines is generally less than 0.1ºC. The thermosalinograph water line travels outside the ship and is typically warmer than the equilibrator. The travel time in water line to the thermosalinograph is 2.5 minutes faster than to the equilibrator. Meteorological data, salinity, SST, and ships position and time are taken from the ships logging system. These parameters and the data quality are maintained by the Australian Marine National Facility.

本数据集于2010年10月由海洋综合观测系统（Integrated Marine Observing System，IMOS）机遇船舶走航CO₂测量研究小组，搭乘RV Southern Surveyor科考船（IMOS平台代码：VLHJ）执行航次SS2010_V09期间采集。
起航地点：新南威尔士州悉尼，2010年10月14日
抵达地点：新南威尔士州悉尼，2010年10月31日
CO₂系统概述：
采用General Oceanics公司自动化系统（型号8050；Pierrot等，2009年）测量表层海水二氧化碳分压（fCO₂）。将海水喷入平衡腔，顶空气体中的CO₂与海水达到气液平衡。顶空气体经热电冷凝器、纳菲翁干燥管后，流经Licor 7000型非色散红外气体分析仪，以测定干燥空气中的CO₂摩尔分数（XCO₂）。测量CO₂时会暂时暂停气体流量，且所有测量均在大气压下开展。每约4小时分析一组覆盖海洋环境预期CO₂范围的4种CO₂标准气体，用于校准气体分析仪。标准气体浓度采用世界气象组织（World Meteorological Organization，WMO）-X2007空气CO₂摩尔分数尺度。完成标准气体分析后，通过船舶前桅杆的进气口抽取清洁室外空气，用于测定大气干燥态XCO₂。
海水取水口及辅助观测数据：
海水取水口位于船舶船艏约5.5米深度处。紧邻CO₂系统安装的热盐深仪（Seabird Electronics SBE21）用于测量海表盐度。安装于取水口处的远程温度传感器（Seabird Electronics SBE 38）用于测量海表温度（Sea Surface Temperature，SST）。取水口到CO₂系统的输水时长通常约为4分钟，其间水温升高一般小于0.6℃。热盐深仪的供水源自同一取水口，但供水管线在取水口后即分支。对比热盐深仪与平衡器的温度记录可知，两条管线的温差通常小于0.1℃。热盐深仪供水管线沿船舶外部布设，温度通常高于平衡器管线。热盐深仪供水管线的输水时长比平衡器管线快2.5分钟。
气象数据、盐度、海表温度、船舶位置及时间信息均取自船舶日志系统。上述参数及数据质量由澳大利亚海洋国家设施（Australian Marine National Facility）负责维护。