Table_3_Meta-analysis and systematic review of physical activity on neurodevelopment disorders, depression, and obesity among children and adolescents.DOCX

BackgroundNo consensus on whether physical activity (PA) is related to physical and mental health among pediatric population remains has been reached to date. To further explore their association, our study assessed the effect of PA on physical and mental health of children and adolescents through a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled studies (RCTs).MethodsSeveral databases(Web of science, PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Central register of controlled trials, CINAHL) were searched from inception to 1st, December 2020 without language restrictions.Results38,236 records were identified primitively and 31 included studies with 1,255 participants eventually met our inclusion criteria, all of which exhibited a relatively low-moderate risk of bias of overall quality. In regard to mental health, the administration of PA, compared with the control group, led to moderate improvements in Autism Spectrum Disorder(ASD)[Standard mean difference (SMD) = −0.50, Confidence interval(CI): −0.87, −0.14)] and depression(SMD = −0.68, CI: −0.98, −0.38) among children and adolescents. Similarly, significant result was observed in obesity (SMD = −0.58, CI: −0.80, −0.36). No significant differences were observed in Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) (SMD = −0.29, CI: −0.59, 0.01).ConclusionAltogether, PA may have a beneficial effect on children and adolescents with ASD, depression and obesity; nevertheless, there is insufficient evidence to confirm its efficacy in ADHD. More large-scale population based randomized controlled trials are needed to explore more reliable evidence between them.

迄今为止，关于身体活动（PA）与儿童青少年群体身心健康之间是否存在关联，尚未达成共识。为深入探究其相互关系，本研究通过对随机对照试验（RCTs）的系统综述和荟萃分析，评估了身体活动对儿童和青少年身心健康的影响。研究方法：检索了包括 Web of Science、PubMed、Embase、Cochrane Central 注册的对照试验数据库以及 CINAHL 等在内的多个数据库，检索范围从数据库创建至 2020 年 12 月 1 日，未设置语言限制。研究结果：初步识别出 38,236 条记录，最终纳入 31 项研究，共涉及 1,255 名参与者，这些研究整体质量表现出较低至中等的偏倚风险。在心理健康方面，与对照组相比，身体活动的实施在儿童和青少年中导致自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）[标准均数差（SMD）= −0.50，置信区间（CI）：−0.87, −0.14）]和抑郁（SMD = −0.68，CI：−0.98, −0.38）方面产生了中等程度的改善。同样，在肥胖（SMD = −0.58，CI：−0.80, −0.36）方面也观察到显著结果。在注意力缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）方面，未观察到显著差异（SMD = −0.29，CI：−0.59, 0.01）。结论：总体而言，身体活动可能对患有自闭症谱系障碍、抑郁和肥胖的儿童和青少年具有益处；然而，缺乏足够的证据来证实其对注意力缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）的有效性。需要更多大规模、基于人群的随机对照试验来探索它们之间更可靠的证据。