Replication data for: Malaria Eradication in the Americas: A Retrospective Analysis of Childhood Exposure

This study uses the malaria-eradication campaigns in the United States (circa 1920) and in Brazil, Colombia, and Mexico (circa 1955) to measure how much childhood exposure to malaria depresses labor productivity. The campaigns began because of advances in health technology, which mitigates concerns about reverse causality. Malarious areas saw large drops in the disease thereafter. Relative to non-malarious areas, cohorts born after eradication had higher income as adults than the preceding generation. These cross-cohort changes coincided with childhood exposure to the campaigns rather than to pre-existing trends. Estimates suggest a substantial, though not predominant, role for malaria in explaining cross-region differences in income. (JEL I12, I18, J13, O15)

本研究以美国（约1920年）、巴西、哥伦比亚与墨西哥（约1955年）开展的疟疾根除运动为研究场景，量化儿童时期暴露于疟疾环境对成年劳动生产率的抑制效应。该运动的发起源于卫生技术的革新，这一背景有效缓解了反向因果关系带来的内生性担忧。疟疾流行区域在运动实施后，疟疾发病率出现大幅下降。相较于非流行区域，根除运动完成后出生的出生队列，其成年后的收入水平显著高于前一代群体。此类跨出生队列的收入变化，与儿童时期接触疟疾根除运动的经历高度相关，而非源于事前既有的发展趋势。估算结果显示，尽管并非区域间收入差异的主导因素，疟疾仍是解释此类差异的一项重要且显著的影响因子。（JEL I12, I18, J13, O15）