Farm Business Survey, 2017-2018: Special Licence Access

<p>The <span style="font-style: italic;">Farm Business Survey</span> (FBS) is conducted annually to collect business information from about 2,100 farms in England and Wales. The survey provides information on the financial position and physical and economic performance of farm businesses, to inform policy decisions on matters affecting farm businesses and to enable analysis of the impacts of policy options. It is intended to serve the needs of farmers, farming and land management interest groups, government (both national and European), government partners, and researchers. </p><p>The primary objective of survey results is to contrast the performance or other business characteristics of different groupings of farm, such as between regions or other geographical or environmental designations, farm types, farm size, age or education of farmer, etc. Up to and including the 2001/02 survey, FBS estimates were based on matching the sample between two adjacent years and farm weights. Farm weights were still calculated to present a matched sample however. From the 2002/03 survey onwards, matching between adjacent years was dropped altogether, and weights are now calculated for the full sample. </p><p>The typology used to determine the FBS farm type classification has been revised from 2009 onwards. The FBS typology is now based on standard outputs expressed in euros, with a minimum threshold of 25,000 euro (irrespective of the SLR) for FBS eligibility. Between 2009 and 2011, FBS farm type classification was based on 2007 standard output (SO) coefficients. From 2012, the farm type classification was based on 2010 SO coefficients, and from 2017 the FBS farm type classification was based on 2013 SO coefficients. The coefficients have been revised again for 2023/24 and are based on 2017 coefficients. The change in typology has had an effect on the distribution of farms by farm type and income averages. Further information regarding the change in typology is available on the GOV.UK <a href="https://www.gov.uk/guidance/farm-business-survey-technical-notes-and-guidance#fbs-documents">FBS documents</a> web page.</p><p>
The <i>Farm Business Survey</i> is available from UKDS under Special Licence access conditions. See the' Access data' section for further details on how to apply for access to the data.<br>
<br>
</p> <p>Users should note that data in Section A that record geographical grid references have been removed to protect the confidentiality of survey participants.<br></p><p>The <span style="font-style: italic;">Farm Business Survey, 2017-2018: Special Licence Access </span>study contains data based on both the 2010 and 2013 Standard Output (SO) classifications.<font color="#000000"> </font><font color="#000000">This allows researchers to view the results based on either (or both) the 2010 or 2013 SO if they wish to understand and/or quantify the break in the time series as the results either side of the break are not directly comparable.</font><font color="#000000"> </font></p><p><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">Further information regarding the change in typology is available on the <a href="https://www.gov.uk/farm-business-survey-technical-notes-and-guidance" target="_blank">Gov.uk FBS webpages</a>.</span></p><p><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">For the third edition (May 2020), data files based on the 2010 SO classification have been added to the study to address changes in methodology. The study now contains data based on both the </span>2010 and 2013 SO classifications.<span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"><br></span></p>

《农场商业调查》（Farm Business Survey，FBS）每年开展一次，旨在从英格兰与威尔士的约2100家农场中采集经营相关信息。该调查可提供农场经营主体的财务状况、实物生产与经济效益等数据，为涉及农场经营的政策制定提供参考，并支持对各类政策选项的实施效果开展分析。其服务对象涵盖农场主、农业与土地管理相关利益团体、国家及欧盟各级政府、政府合作机构与研究人员。
调查结果的核心目标是对比不同分组农场的经营表现与其他经营特征，例如不同区域、其他地理或环境划定区域、农场类型、农场规模、农场主年龄或受教育程度等。在2001/02年度及之前的调查中，FBS的估算基于相邻两年的样本匹配与农场权重计算；不过当时仍需通过权重计算来呈现匹配后的样本。自2002/03年度调查起，相邻年度样本匹配环节被彻底取消，权重改为基于全样本计算。
自2009年起，用于确定FBS农场类型分类的分类体系经历了修订。现行FBS分类体系以欧元计价的标准产出（standard output，SO）为依据，FBS参与资格的最低门槛为25000欧元（不受SLR限制）。2009至2011年间，FBS农场类型分类基于2007年标准产出系数；2012年起，分类改为基于2010年标准产出系数；2017年起则采用2013年标准产出系数。2023/24年度的系数再次修订，以2017年系数为基准。分类体系的调整对农场类型分布与收入均值均产生了影响。有关分类体系调整的更多细节，可访问GOV.UK平台的《FBS文件》网页：https://www.gov.uk/guidance/farm-business-survey-technical-notes-and-guidance#fbs-documents。
本《农场商业调查》数据集可通过英国数据服务中心（UKDS）获取，但需遵守特殊许可使用条款。有关申请数据访问权限的详细流程，请参阅“数据获取”章节。
用户需注意，为保护调查参与者的隐私，A章节中记录地理网格坐标的数据已被移除。
《2017-2018年农场商业调查：特殊许可访问》数据集包含基于2010年与2013年标准产出分类体系的两组数据。由于断点前后的调查结果无法直接比对，研究人员若希望理解或量化时间序列的断点影响，可选择基于其中一套（或同时基于两套）2010年、2013年标准产出分类体系查看结果。
有关分类体系调整的更多信息，可访问Gov.uk平台的FBS相关网页：https://www.gov.uk/farm-business-survey-technical-notes-and-guidance。
在2020年5月发布的第三版数据集中，新增了基于2010年标准产出分类体系的数据文件，以适配方法学变更。至此本数据集现已包含基于2010年与2013年标准产出分类体系的两类数据。