A dataset of ≥10℃ accumulated temperature of field stations in Chinese typical ecosystems from 2001 to 2015

Thermal resources provide an important basis for the division of natural areas or belts, and are also an important natural resource for agricultural production. They are usually characterized by temperature and accumulated temperature. The study adopts 10°C as a threshold because this is the threshold temperature for the growth of thermophilic plants, a temperature at which chimonophilous crops grow rapidly and perennial crops accelerate its accumulation of dry matter. Agricultural departments and institutions often use the ≥10℃ accumulated temperature and its corresponding duration to measure the agro-climatic production potential of a region, which importantly guides the introduction and cultivation system reform. Based on the average daily temperature automatically observed by the Chinese Ecosystem Research Network (CERN), we used the 5-day moving average method to build a dataset of ≥10℃ accumulated temperature at field stations of typical Chinese ecosystems from 2001 to 2015. The dataset records the ≥10℃accumulated temperature, effective accumulated temperature and duration at 35 field stations of CERN that covers China’s major ecosystems of, for example, agriculture, forest, grassland, desert, wetland, lake and bay, which is expected to support research on accumulated temperature changes regionally or nationwide.