Full MWU List.xlsx

Multi-word units (MWUs) are two or more words commonly co-occur. There is evidence that knowledge of high-frequency MWUs is essential to language fluency, leading to growing research identifying valuable MWUs to learn and the impact of L1-L2 congruency and semantic transparency on the learning burden of MWUs. Therefore, there needs to be more research on which MWUs should be selected with these criteria. This article highlights an investigation of the role of congruency and semantic transparency using a corpus-based list that offers a sizable sample of MWUs that appear in general English. In this study, we analysed a list of 11,212 high-frequency MWUs created using a lemmatised concgramming approach to examine the role of semantic transparency and L1-L2 congruency. The list was translated into Persian, and L1-L2 congruency ratings were given to each item. The list was also classified based on Grant and Bauer’s (2004) taxonomy to explore the role of semantic transparency to determine the extent to which these two factors play a role in the learning burden of the MWUs. The results showed that 85% of items were literal, and a low number of opaque items were found in the high L1-L2 congruency rating, suggesting a positive relationship between congruency and transparency.

多词单元（MWUs）通常由两个或更多单词共同出现。研究表明，对高频多词单元的了解对于语言流利至关重要，从而促使越来越多的研究致力于识别有价值的多词单元进行学习，并探讨母语与二语之间的同构性和语义透明度对多词单元学习负担的影响。因此，有必要进一步研究基于这些标准应选择哪些多词单元。本文重点探讨了基于语料库列表的相同性与语义透明度在多词单元学习负担中的作用，该列表提供了大量出现在通用英语中的多词单元样本。在本研究中，我们分析了一份由词形还原的语素编程方法创建的11,212个高频多词单元列表，以考察语义透明度和母语-二语同构性在其中的作用。该列表被翻译成波斯语，并为每个项目提供了母语-二语同构性评分。此外，该列表还根据Grant和Bauer（2004）的分类法进行分类，以探讨语义透明度在其中的作用，并确定这两个因素在多词单元学习负担中扮演的角色。结果显示，85%的项目属于直译，且在高母语-二语同构性评分中发现的模糊性项目数量较少，这表明相同性与透明度之间存在正相关关系。