Performance Parameters, Plasma Lipid Status, and Lymphoid Tissue Fatty Acid Profile of Broiler Chicks Fed Camelina Cake

ABSTRACT The effects of dietary camelina cake (CAMC) on broiler chicks’growth performance, plasma lipid status and fatty acid profile (FA) of lymphoid organs were evaluated. Six hundred broilers (3-week-old, Cobb 500) were randomly allotted for 20 days in a feeding trials into 2 groups: control (C; corn-soybean meal-canola meal basal diet) and experimental (CAMC; 80 g CAMC/kg diet replaces canola meal from C diet). Blood samples (n=12/group) were collected on day 42 for plasma profile analysis (glucose, Glu; total cholesterol, TC; high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, HDL-C; low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, LDL-C; triglycerides) and immune organs (spleen, thymus, bursa of Fabricius) for FA analysis. The FA profile of lymphoid tissue was determined by gas chromatography. Feeding the CAMC diet did not influence broilers performance parameters or relative weights of lymphoid tissue, except the weight of bursa that decreased (p<0.05). Plasma lipids profile was affected by decreasing (p<0.05) the concentrations of Glu, TC, HDL-C and LDL-C in broilers fed the CAMC diet. In all lymphoid tissue, the total content of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) increased (p<0.001) and the total level of n-6 PUFA decreased (p<0.001) as the effect of the CAMC diet. The n-6:n-3 ratio decreased (p<0.001) up to 5:1 in all lymphoid tissue. The higher (p<0.05) concentration of arachidonic acid was found in the spleen, followed by the thymus and the bursa of the chicks fed the CAMC diet. Our results indicate that feeding 80 g/kg camelina cakes in broiler chicks finisher diet had no negative impact on productivity, beneficially alter the plasma lipid status and fatty acids profile of lymphoid tissue.

摘要 本试验旨在探究日粮添加亚麻荠饼（camelina cake, CAMC）对肉仔鸡生长性能、血浆脂质状态及淋巴器官脂肪酸谱（fatty acid profile, FA）的影响。选取600羽3周龄科布500（Cobb 500）肉仔鸡，随机分为2组开展为期20天的饲养试验：对照组（C组；基础日粮为玉米-豆粕-菜粕型）与试验组（CAMC组；以80 g CAMC/kg日粮替换对照组日粮中的菜粕）。于试验第42天采集每组12羽鸡的血样，用于血浆指标分析（葡萄糖（Glu）、总胆固醇（TC）、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-C）、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-C）及甘油三酯），同时采集免疫器官（脾脏、胸腺、法氏囊）用于脂肪酸谱检测。采用气相色谱法测定淋巴组织的脂肪酸组成。
饲喂CAMC日粮对肉仔鸡的生长性能指标及淋巴器官相对重量无显著影响，仅法氏囊重量显著降低（p<0.05）。试验组肉仔鸡血浆中Glu、TC、HDL-C及LDL-C浓度均显著降低（p<0.05），血浆脂质谱得到有益改善。在所有淋巴组织中，CAMC日粮可极显著提升n-3多不饱和脂肪酸（n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, PUFA）的总含量（p<0.001），并极显著降低n-6多不饱和脂肪酸（n-6 PUFA）的总水平（p<0.001），进而使所有淋巴组织中的n-6:n-3比值极显著降至5:1（p<0.001）。饲喂CAMC日粮的肉仔鸡，其脾脏中花生四烯酸（arachidonic acid）浓度显著最高（p<0.05），其次为胸腺与法氏囊。
本试验结果表明，在肉仔鸡育肥期日粮中添加80 g/kg亚麻荠饼不会对生产性能产生负面影响，且可有益调控血浆脂质状态并改善淋巴组织的脂肪酸谱。