Hawaiian Hemipterans III (Unsorted Hemiptera)

The insect order Hemiptera is a diverse group of insects with a complicated taxonomic history. Once thought to contain two major suborders, the Homoptera and Heteroptera, the group now contains four suborders following the subdivision of Homoptera into the three seperate suborders (Sternorrhyncha, Auchenorrhyncha and Coleorrhyncha) after genetic data suggested it was paraphyletic. More recent data now suggests the contrary, and within suborders classification is equally contentious. The Hemiptera, sometimes called "true bugs" are known for having sucking, piercing mouthparts and, as the name of the order implies, forwings modified into half-wings known as hemilytra which have a hardened upper half and flexible lower half. Many species, however have wings that are entirely membranous. A number of species are imports to human health and agriculture such as aphids, scale insects, bed bugs, and the kissing bugs which can transmit chagas disease. Ecologically the group is highly diverse and some, such as cicadas, have worked themselves into human literature and folklore. Please help us transcribe these Hemipterans which we have yet to sort but are valuable to the UHIM collection nonetheless! The total number of tasks for this dataset is: 401, number transcribed is 401 and number validated is 0. This data resource is harvested periodically into the main occurrence index.

半翅目（Hemiptera）是一类物种丰富、分类历史错综复杂的昆虫类群。该类群曾被认为仅包含同翅亚目（Homoptera）与异翅亚目（Heteroptera）两大亚目；后因遗传数据表明原同翅亚目为并系群，遂将其拆分为胸喙亚目（Sternorrhyncha）、头喙亚目（Auchenorrhyncha）与鞘喙亚目（Coleorrhyncha）三个独立亚目，如今半翅目已包含四个亚目。但近期的研究数据对此分类框架提出了反驳，且亚目内部的分类同样存在诸多争议。

半翅目昆虫常被称为"真虫"（true bugs），其标志性特征为具有刺吸式口器；正如该目名称所暗示的，其前翅特化为半鞘翅（hemelytra）——即翅的上段坚硬、下段柔软的特化结构。不过多数类群的翅完全为膜质。

诸多物种会对人类健康与农业造成负面影响，例如蚜虫、介壳虫、臭虫以及可传播恰加斯病（chagas disease）的锥蝽。从生态学角度来看，该类群物种多样性极高，其中蝉类等类群更是融入了人类的文学与民俗文化之中。

请协助我们转录这些尚未完成分类的半翅目昆虫标本——尽管尚未整理，但它们对UHIM馆藏而言仍具有极高价值！本数据集的总任务量为401项，已完成转录的样本数为401，已验证的样本数为0。该数据集资源会定期被整合至核心物种发生记录索引。