Evaluation of the fetal abdomen by magnetic resonance imaging. Part 2: abdominal wall defects and tumors

Abstract Although ultrasound is still the gold standard for the assessment of fetal malformations, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has gained great prominence in recent years. In situations in which ultrasound has low sensitivity, such as maternal obesity, abdominal scarring, and oligohydramnios, MRI has proven to be a safe and accurate method. Regarding fetal abdominal wall defects, MRI appears to be widely used in the prognostic assessment of gastroschisis with intestinal atresia or of complications of omphalocele, allowing better perinatal management and parental counseling. In addition, MRI allows the assessment of local invasion of fetal abdominal tumors, with significant prognostic value for the postnatal period. In this article, we review the main MRI findings in the evaluation of fetal abdominal wall defects and tumors.

摘要：尽管超声（ultrasound）仍是胎儿畸形评估的金标准，但近年来磁共振成像（MRI）的应用价值日益凸显。在超声灵敏度较低的场景（如孕妇肥胖、腹部瘢痕形成、羊水过少）中，MRI已被证实为一种安全且准确的检查手段。针对胎儿腹壁缺损，MRI已广泛用于伴肠闭锁的腹裂畸形（gastroschisis with intestinal atresia）或脐膨出（omphalocele）并发症的预后评估，有助于优化围产期管理并为孕妇及家属提供充分的咨询指导。此外，MRI可评估胎儿腹部肿瘤的局部浸润情况，对产后诊疗具有重要的预后参考价值。本文综述了胎儿腹壁缺损与肿瘤评估中主要的MRI影像学表现。