Ashwagandha_Muscle study

All the data were entered into two separate Microsoft Excel spreadsheets (i.e., manual double-key data entry) and compared to assure data quality before analysis. Then, all relevant statistical calculations were completed using MedCalc® (version 20.011). Efficacy analysis was done on the modified intention to treat (ITT) anonymized dataset (n=73), whereas safety analysis was done on an intention to treat anonymized dataset (n=80). A summary statistic for all the parameters was performed and the results presented as mean with standard deviation (SD) for continuous variables. Categorical and discrete data were presented as counts with percentages. Change in values form baseline to 8 weeks were computed from and compared between the two groups using unpaired t-test. Since the baseline values were not similar for gender, BMI and chest circumference, the effect of these parameters on different parameters with respect to the change from baseline were analyzed using analysis of covariance (ANCOVA).所有数据均录入两份独立的Microsoft Excel（微软Excel）电子表格中，即采用双人手动双录入方式，并在分析前进行交叉比对以保障数据质量。后续所有相关统计计算均通过MedCalc®（版本20.011）完成。疗效分析基于修改意向性治疗（modified intention to treat, ITT）匿名数据集（n=73）开展，而安全性分析则基于意向性治疗匿名数据集（n=80）进行。对所有参数实施描述性统计分析：连续变量以均值±标准差（standard deviation, SD）形式呈现；分类数据与离散数据则以例数及百分比进行展示。计算各组基线至第8周的数值变化，并采用两独立样本t检验对两组间的变化值进行比较。鉴于性别、体质量指数（Body Mass Index, BMI）及胸围的基线值存在不均衡性，采用协方差分析（analysis of covariance, ANCOVA）分析上述参数对基线变化相关各参数的影响。