Dingy-Saint-Clair Natural Hazard Prevention Plan (Haute-Savoie) — approved on 29/11/1999

The COVADIS data standard for risk prevention plans includes all the technical and organisational specifications for the digital storage of geographical data represented in the risk prevention plans (RPPs). The major risks consist of the eight main natural hazards foreseeable in the national territory: floods, earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, terrain movements, coastal hazards, avalanches, forest fires, cyclones and storms, and four technological risks: nuclear risk, industrial risk, risk of transport of hazardous materials and risk of dam failure. The Risk Prevention Plans (PPR) were established by the Act of 2 February 1995 on strengthening the protection of the environment. The PPR tool is part of the Law of 22 July 1987 on the organisation of civil security, the protection of the forest against fire and the prevention of major risks. The development of a RPP is the responsibility of the State. It is decided by the Prefect. Whether natural, technological or multi-hazard, risk prevention plans have similarities. They contain three categories of information: • Regulatory mapping translates into a geographical delimitation of the territory concerned by the risk. This delimitation defines areas in which specific regulations apply. These regulations are easement and impose requirements varying according to the hazard level to which the area is exposed. The areas are represented on a zoning plan that fully covers the study area. • The hazards at the origin of the risk are contained in hazard documents which may be inserted in the presentation report or annexed to the RPP. These documents are used to map the different intensity levels of each hazard considered in the risk prevention plan. • The issues identified during the preparation of the RPP can also be annexed to the approved document in the form of maps. These similarities between the different types of PPR and the desire to achieve a good level of standardisation of PPR data have led COVADIS to opt for a single data standard, sufficiently generic to process the different types of risk prevention plan (natural risk prevention plans PPRN, technological risk prevention plans PPRT) This data standard does not consist of a complete modelling of a risk prevention plan dossier. The scope of this document is limited to geographical data in the RPPs, whether regulatory or not. Nor is the PPR standard intended to standardise knowledge of hazards. The challenge is to have a description for a homogeneous storage of the geographical data of the RPPs, since these data are of interest to several professions within the ministries responsible for agriculture, on the one hand, and ecology, and on the other hand, sustainable development.用于风险防控计划（Risk Prevention Plans，RPPs）的COVADIS数据标准，涵盖了各类风险防控计划中所涉及地理数据的数字化存储所需的全部技术与组织规范。该标准覆盖的主要风险包含法国本土可预见的8类主要自然灾害：洪水、地震、火山喷发、地面移动、海岸灾害、雪崩、森林火灾、气旋与风暴；以及4类技术风险：核风险、工业风险、危险物料运输风险及溃坝风险。 风险防控计划（PPR，Risk Prevention Plans）由1995年2月2日发布的《加强环境保护法案》确立，而PPR工具同时隶属于1987年7月22日出台的《民用安全组织、森林防火及重大风险预防法》。风险防控计划的编制工作由国家负责，最终审批权由省长行使。 无论针对自然风险、技术风险还是多灾种风险，各类风险防控计划均存在共通特征，均包含三类核心信息： • 管制区划：即对受风险影响的地域范围进行地理划定，明确需执行特定管制要求的区域。此类管制以地役权为约束基础，并根据区域面临的灾害等级设置差异化的约束条件，所有受影响区域均在覆盖整个研究范围的分区规划图中予以标注。 • 灾害源信息：即风险对应的灾害详情，相关内容可编入编制报告或作为附件附于风险防控计划之后。此类文档用于绘制风险防控计划中所考量的各类灾害的不同强度等级分布图。 • 编制问题记录：在风险防控计划编制过程中识别出的问题，亦可通过地图形式作为附件附于获批后的正式文件中。 鉴于不同类型PPR之间的共通性，以及提升PPR数据标准化水平的需求，COVADIS最终选用了一套通用数据标准。该标准具备足够的通用性，可适配各类风险防控计划，包括自然风险防控计划（Natural Risk Prevention Plans，PPRN）与技术风险防控计划（Technological Risk Prevention Plans，PPRT）。 本数据标准并非对风险防控计划档案的完整建模，其适用范围仅涵盖风险防控计划中的地理数据，无论此类数据是否涉及管制要求。同时，该PPR标准也并非用于统一灾害相关知识的标准化规范。当前的核心挑战在于，需为风险防控计划的地理数据提供统一的存储描述规范——此类数据同时受到农业、生态及可持续发展领域的多个政府部门的关注。